cholesterol lowering intervention trial summary

Trial	Studied treatment	Control treatment	patients	ROB	Result	NCT
acute coronary syndrome
atorvastatin
MIRACL, 2001	atorvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Low risk of bias	Suggesting
Colivicchi, 2002	atorvastatin	usual care	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
PROVE IT - TIMI 22, 2004	atorvastatin	pravastatin	acute coronary syndrome		Suggesting
ESTABLISH, 2004	atorvastatin	usual care	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
ezetimibe
IMPROVE-IT, 2014	ezetimibe	placebo (on top statins)			Conclusive	NCT00202878
fluvastatin
LIPS (sub groups), 2002	fluvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
FLORIDA, 2002	fluvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Low risk of bias	Negative
Czech trial ongoing	fluvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	-	NCT00171275
pravastatin
LAMIL, 1997	pravastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
RECIFE, 1999	pravastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
L-CAD, 2000	pravastatin	usual care	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Suggesting
PAIS, 2001	pravastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
PTT, 2002	pravastatin	usual care	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Suggesting
PACT, 2004	pravastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Low risk of bias	Suggesting
simvastatin
A to Z, 2004	simvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome		Negative
acute myocardial infarction
atorvastatin
PROVE-IT, 2004	atorvastatin high dose	pravastatin	diabetic	Low risk of bias	Suggesting
aortic stenosis
atorvastatin
SALTIRE, 2005	atorvastatin	placebo	aortic stenosis	Exploratory	Negative
rosuvastatin
ASTRONOMER, 2010	rosuvastatin	placebo	aortic stenosis		-	ISRCTN 32424163
simvastatin
SEAS, 2008	ezetimibe+simvastatin	placebo	aortic stenosis	Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00092677
CABG surgery
atorvastatin
Chello et al., 2006	preoperative atorvastatin	placebo			Negative
Patti et al., 2006	preoperative atorvastatin	placebo			Suggesting
simvastatin
Christenson, 1999	preoperative simvastatin	no treatment			Negative
cardiovascular prevention
atorvastatin
AVERT, 1999	atorvastatin high dose	angioplasty	secondary prevention	Risk of bias	Negative
MIRACL, 2001	atorvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Low risk of bias	Suggesting
Colivicchi, 2002	atorvastatin	usual care	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
GREACE, 2002	atorvastatin	usual care	secondary prevention	Risk of bias	Suggesting
ASCOT (diabetics sub group), 2003	atorvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
ASCOT, 2003	atorvastatin	placebo	at risk hypertensive	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
Mohler III, 2003	atorvastatin	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
Mohler, 2003	atorvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	-
ASCOT (women subgroup) , 2003	Atorvastatin	placebo	women	Exploratory	Negative
CARDS, 2004	atorvastatin	placebo	diabetic	Low risk of bias	Conclusive	NCT00327418
REVERSAL, 2004	atorvastatin high dose	pravastatin	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
PROVE-IT, 2004	atorvastatin high dose	pravastatin	diabetic	Low risk of bias	Suggesting
PROVE IT - TIMI 22, 2004	atorvastatin	pravastatin	acute coronary syndrome		Suggesting
ESTABLISH, 2004	atorvastatin	usual care	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
Deutsche Diabetes Dialyse Studie (4D), 2005	atorvastatin	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting
TNT, 2005	atorvastatin high dose	atorvastatin	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive	NCT00327691
IDEAL, 2005	atorvastatin high dose	simvastatin	secondary prevention	Risk of bias	Suggesting	NCT00159835
Vascular basis, 2005	atorvastatin high dose	lovastatin	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
macin, 2005	atorvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	-
SALTIRE, 2005	atorvastatin	placebo	aortic stenosis	Exploratory	Negative
Strey, 2005	atorvastatin	placebo	heart failure		-
ASPEN, 2006	atorvastatin	placebo	diabetic	Low risk of bias	Negative
TNT (diabetic sub group), 2006	atorvastatin high dose	atorvastatin	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
ASPEN, 2006	atorvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Low risk of bias	Negative
SPARCL, 2006	atorvastatin	placebo	post stroke	Low risk of bias	Suggesting	NCT00147602
ASPEN (primary prevention sub group), 2006	atorvastatin	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	Negative
SAGE, 2007	atorvastatin high dose	pravastatin	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Suggesting
bezafibrate
BECAIT, 1996	bezafibrate	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Suggesting
SENDCAP, 1998	bezafibrate	placebo		Exploratory	Suggesting
LEADER trial, 2000	bezafibrate	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Low risk of bias	-
BIP, 2000	bezafibrate	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Negative
LEADER, 2002	bezafibrate	placebo		Low risk of bias	Negative
cerivastatin
Laufs, 2004	cerivastatin	placebo	heart failure		-
cholestyramine
LRC, 1984	cholestyramine	placebo		Low risk of bias	Negative
NHLBI (Brensike), 1984	cholestyramine	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	Negative	NCT00000594
STARS (cholestyramine), 1992	cholestyramine	control		Low risk of bias	Negative
clofibrate
Harrold, 1969	clofibrate	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
Begg, 1971	clofibrate	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
Scottish, 1971	clofibrate	placebo		Low risk of bias	Negative
Newcastle, 1971	clofibrate	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting
Acheson, 1972	clofibrate	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	-
Cullen, 1974	clofibrate	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
VA Neurology Section, 1974	clofibrate	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
CDP Clofibrate, 1975	clofibrate	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting
WHO clofibrate, 1978	clofibrate	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting
SCOR, 1990	colestipol+clofibrate	placebo	diabetic	Low risk of bias	Negative
Hanefeld, 1991	clofibrate	placebo		Low risk of bias	Negative
colestipol
Gross, 1973	colestipol	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
Ryan, 1974	colestipol	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
Gundersen, 1976	colestipol	placebo		Exploratory	-
UCS (Dorr), 1978	colestipol	placebo		Low risk of bias	Negative
Ruoff, 1978	colestipol	placebo		Low risk of bias	Negative
diet
Rose, 1965	diet	usual diet		Exploratory	Negative
MRC low fat, 1965	diet	usual diet		Risk of bias	Negative
Woodhill, 1966	diet	usual diet		Low risk of bias	Negative
Oslo Diet Heart Study (Leren), 1966	diet	usual diet		Risk of bias	Suggesting
MRC Soya, 1968	diet	usual diet		Risk of bias	Negative
Veterans Ad. (Dayton), 1969	diet	usual diet		Low risk of bias	Suggesting
Los Angeles VA (Dayton), 1969	diet	usual diet		Risk of bias	-
Minnesota coronary survey (Frantz), 1975	diet	usual diet		Exploratory	Negative
Kallio, 1979	diet	usual diet		Exploratory	-
Hjermann, 1981	diet	usual diet		Risk of bias	-
MRFIT, 1982	diet	usual diet		Risk of bias	-
Finnish Mental Hospital (Miettinen), 1985	diet	usual diet	primary prevention	Exploratory	-
WHO Collaborative, 1986	diet	usual diet		Low risk of bias	Negative
Goteborg, 1986	diet	usual diet		Risk of bias	-
Göteborg (Wilhelmsen), 1986	diet	usual diet		Low risk of bias	Negative
Ornish, 1990	diet	usual diet		Exploratory	Negative
Singh, 1992	diet	usual diet		Risk of bias	-
STARS (St Thomas, diet), 1992	diet	usual diet		Exploratory	Negative
Black, 1994	diet	usual diet		Risk of bias	Negative
WHI low fat, 2005	diet	usual diet		Exploratory	Negative	NCT00000611
Tuttle, 2008	low fat diet	mediterranean-style diet		Risk of bias	-
estrogen
Marmorstein, 1962	estrogen	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
Stamler, 1963	estrogen	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
VA Neurology Section (estrogen), 1966	estrogen	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
VA drugs (Estrogen or thyroxine), 1968	estrogen or thyroxine	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting
CDP estrogen 5, 1975	estrogen	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
CDP estrogen 2.5, 1975	estrogen	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
etofibrate
Emmerich, 2009	etofibrate	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	-
ezetimibe
SANDS, 2008	aggressive treatment	standard teatment	diabetic	Exploratory	Negative	NCT00047424
Enhance, 2008	ezetimibe	placebo (on top statins)			-
ARBITER-HALTS 6, 2010	ezetimibe	niacin		Exploratory	-
SHARP, 2010	ezetimibe+simvastatin	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting	NCT00125593
IMPROVE-IT, 2014	ezetimibe	placebo (on top statins)			Conclusive	NCT00202878
fenofibrate
DAIS, 2001	fenofibrate	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	Negative
FIELD, 2005	fenofibrate	placebo	diabetic patients	Low risk of bias	Suggesting	ISRCTN64783481
FIELD, 2005	fenofibrate	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	Suggesting	ISRCTN64783481
ACCORD lipid, 2010	fenofibrate	placebo (on top simvastatine)	diabetic patients	Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00000620
fluvastatin
LCAS, 1997	fluvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
FLARE (elderly subgroup), 1999	fluvastatin	placebo	elderly	Exploratory	Negative
Riegger et al., 1999	fluvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Negative
FLARE, 1999	fluvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
BCAPS, 2001	fluvastatin	placebo	primary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
LIPS (diabetic sub group), 2002	fluvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
LIPS (elderly subgroup), 2002	fluvastatin	placebo	elderly	Exploratory	Suggesting
LIPS (sub groups), 2002	fluvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
FLORIDA, 2002	fluvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Low risk of bias	Negative
LIPS, 2002	fluvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Suggesting
ALERT (diabetic sub group), 2003	fluvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
ALERT, 2003	fluvastatin	placebo	CKD	Low risk of bias	Suggesting
ALERT, 2003	fluvastatin	placebo		Low risk of bias	Negative
HYRIM, 2005	fluvastatin	placebo	hypertensive	Exploratory	Negative
Czech trial ongoing	fluvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	-	NCT00171275
gemfibrozil
Helsinki (HHS), 1987	gemfibrozil	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting
HHS (diabetic sub group), 1987	gemfibrozil	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
HHS (Frick)(secondary prev subgroup), 1993	gemfibrozil	placebo		Exploratory	Negative
LOCAT, 1997	gemfibrozil	placebo		Exploratory	Negative
VA-HIT (diabetic sub group), 1999	gemfibrozil	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
VA-HIT, 1999	gemfibrozil	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting	NCT00283335
lovastatin
Sahni, 1991	lovastatin	usual care	secondary prevention	Risk of bias	Negative
Excel, 1991	lovastatin	placebo		Exploratory	Negative
MARS, 1993	lovastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative	NCT00116870
CRISP 20mg, 1994	lovastatin	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	-	NCT00000477
ACAPS, 1994	lovastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Suggesting	NCT00000469
CCAIT, 1994	lovastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
Weintraub, 1994	lovastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Negative
CRISP 40mg, 1994	lovastatin	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	-	NCT00000477
AFCAPS/TexCAPS, 1998	lovastatin	placebo	primary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
AFCAPS/TexCAPS (diabetic sub group), 1998	lovastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
AFCAPS (women subgroup) , 1998	Lovastatin	placebo	women	Exploratory	Negative
CLAPT, 1999	lovastatin	usual care	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
niacin
HPS 2-Thrive	niacin	placebo (on top statin)		Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00461630
VA drugs, 1968	niacin	control		Low risk of bias	Negative
CDP niacin, 1975	niacin	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting
Carlson (Stockholm), 1977	clofibtate+niacin	placebo	secondary prevention	Risk of bias	Suggesting
CLAS, 1987	colestipol-niacin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
CLAS, 1987	colestipol-niacin	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
HATS, 2001	niacin	placebo (on top statin)		Risk of bias	Negative
Oxford Niaspan Study, 2009	niacin	placebo (on top statin)		Exploratory	-	NCT00232531
ARBITER 2, 2009	niacin	placebo (on top statin)		Exploratory	Negative
ARBITER 6-HALTS (niacin vs ezetimibe), 2009	niacin	ezetimibe		Exploratory	Suggesting	NCT00397657
AIM-HIGH, 2011	niacin	placebo (on top statin)		Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00120289
policosanol
Batista, 1996	policosanol	control		Low risk of bias	-
Más, 1999	policosanol	control		Exploratory	Negative
Castano, 2001	policosanol	control	diabetic	Exploratory	Negative
pravastatin
PMSG, 1993	pravastatin	placebo	primary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
WOSCOPS, 1995	pravastatin	placebo	primary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
PLAC I (elderly sub group), 1995	Pravastatin	placebo	elderly	Exploratory	Negative
REGRESS (elderly subgroup), 1995	Pravastatin	placebo	elderly	Exploratory	Negative
REGRESS, 1995	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Suggesting
PLAC I, 1995	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Suggesting
PLAC II, 1995	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
KAPS, 1995	pravastatin	placebo	primary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
WOSCOPS (diabetic sub group), 1996	pravastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
CARE, 1996	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
CAIUS, 1996	pravastatin	placebo	primary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
LAMIL, 1997	pravastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
LIPID (diabetic sub group), 1998	pravastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
CARE (diabetic sub group), 1998	pravastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
CARE (elderly subgroup), 1998	Pravastatin	placebo	elderly	Exploratory	Suggesting
LIPID, 1998	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
RECIFE, 1999	pravastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
GISSI P (diabetic sub group), 2000	pravastatin	usual care	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
L-CAD, 2000	pravastatin	usual care	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Suggesting
GISSI Prevenzione, 2000	pravastatin	usual care	secondary prevention	Risk of bias	Negative
KLIS, 2000	pravastatin	usual care	primary prevention	Risk of bias	-
LIPID (elderly sub group), 2001	Pravastatin	placebo	elderly	Exploratory	Suggesting
PAIS, 2001	pravastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Negative
PROSPER diabetic (sub group), 2002	pravastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
ALLHAT-LLT (diabetic sub group), 2002	pravastatin	usual care	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
PROSPER, 2002	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
ALLHAT, 2002	pravastatin	usual care	at risk hypertensive	Risk of bias	Negative	NCT00000542
PTT, 2002	pravastatin	usual care	acute coronary syndrome	Exploratory	Suggesting
FAST Fukuoka pravastatin, 2002	pravastatin	control	primary prevention	Exploratory	-
PROSPER (primary prevention subgroup), 2002	pravastatin	placebo	primary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
ALLHAT (women subgroup) , 2002	Pravastatin	placebo	women	Exploratory	Negative
PACT, 2004	pravastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome	Low risk of bias	Suggesting
PREVEND IT, 2004	pravastatin	placebo	related disease	Low risk of bias	Negative
PACT, 2004	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Negative
PHYLLIS, 2004	pravastatin	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	-
PROVE IT TIMI 22 (diabetic sub group), 2006	pravastatin high dose	pravastatin	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
MEGA, 2006	pravastatin	control	primary prevention	Risk of bias	Suggesting	NCT00211705
MEGA (women subgroup) , 2006	Pravastatin	placebo	women	Exploratory	Suggesting
probucol
McCaughan, 1981	Probucol	placebo		Exploratory	-
PQRST, 1994	probucol	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
PQRST, 1994	probucol	placebo		Exploratory	-
Tardif, 1997	Probucol	placebo		Low risk of bias	Negative
FATS Fukosawa (probucol), 2002	probucol	control	primary prevention	Exploratory	-
rosuvastatin
METEOR, 2007	rosuvastatin	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	Negative	NCT00225589
CORONA, 2007	rosuvastatin	placebo	heart failure	Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00206310
Krum, 2007	rosuvastatin	placebo	heart failure	Exploratory	Negative
JUPITER, 2008	rosuvastatin	placebo	primary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive	NCT00239681
GISSI-HF rosuvastatine, 2008	rosuvastatin	placebo	heart failure	Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00336336
JUPITER (women subgroup) , 2008	Rosuvastatin	placebo	women	Exploratory	Suggesting
JUPITER (elderly sub group), 2009	rosuvastatin	placebo	elderly	Exploratory	Suggesting
AURORA, 2009	rosuvastatin	placebo		Low risk of bias	Negative
ASTRONOMER, 2010	rosuvastatin	placebo	aortic stenosis		-	ISRCTN 32424163
HOPE 3, 2016	rosuvastatin	placebo	primary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive	NCT00468923
ASTEROID ongoing	Rosuvastatin	control			-
simvastatin
4S, 1994	simvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
MAAS, 1994	simvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
4S (elderly subgroup), 1997	simvastatin	placebo	elderly	Exploratory	Suggesting
CIS, 1997	simvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
4S (diabetic sub group), 1999	simvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
HPS (diabetic sub group), 2002	simvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
HPS (elderly subgroup), 2002	simvastatin	placebo	elderly	Exploratory	Suggesting
HPS, 2002	simvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
HPS (women subgroup) , 2002	Simvastatin	placebo	women	Exploratory	Suggesting
HPS (diabetic primary prevention sub group), 2003	simvastatin	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	-
Mondillo, 2003	simvastatin	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
Aronow , 2003	simvastatin	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
Node, 2003	simvastatin	placebo	heart failure		Negative
A to Z, 2004	simvastatin	placebo	acute coronary syndrome		Negative
HPS (post troke sub group), 2004	simvastatin	placebo	post stroke	Exploratory	Suggesting
Hong, 2005	simvastatin	control	heart failure	Risk of bias	Negative
Landmesser, 2005	simvastatin	ezetimibe	heart failure		-
SEAS, 2008	ezetimibe+simvastatin	placebo	aortic stenosis	Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00092677
SEARCH, 2010	simvastatin high dose	simvastatin	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Suggesting	NCT00124072
thyroxine
CDP tyroxine, 1975	thyroxine	placebo		Low risk of bias	-
diabetes type 2
atorvastatin
ASCOT (diabetics sub group), 2003	atorvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
CARDS, 2004	atorvastatin	placebo	diabetic	Low risk of bias	Conclusive	NCT00327418
TNT (diabetic sub group), 2006	atorvastatin high dose	atorvastatin	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
ASPEN, 2006	atorvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Low risk of bias	Negative
ASPEN (primary prevention sub group), 2006	atorvastatin	placebo	diabetic	Exploratory	Negative
ezetimibe
SANDS, 2008	aggressive treatment	standard teatment	diabetic	Exploratory	Negative	NCT00047424
fenofibrate
FIELD, 2005	fenofibrate	placebo	diabetic patients	Low risk of bias	Suggesting	ISRCTN64783481
ACCORD lipid, 2010	fenofibrate	placebo (on top simvastatine)	diabetic patients	Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00000620
fluvastatin
LIPS (diabetic sub group), 2002	fluvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
ALERT (diabetic sub group), 2003	fluvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
gemfibrozil
HHS (diabetic sub group), 1987	gemfibrozil	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
VA-HIT (diabetic sub group), 1999	gemfibrozil	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
lovastatin
AFCAPS/TexCAPS (diabetic sub group), 1998	lovastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
pravastatin
WOSCOPS (diabetic sub group), 1996	pravastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
LIPID (diabetic sub group), 1998	pravastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
CARE (diabetic sub group), 1998	pravastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
GISSI P (diabetic sub group), 2000	pravastatin	usual care	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
PROSPER diabetic (sub group), 2002	pravastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
ALLHAT-LLT (diabetic sub group), 2002	pravastatin	usual care	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Negative
PROVE IT TIMI 22 (diabetic sub group), 2006	pravastatin high dose	pravastatin	diabetic patients	Exploratory	-
simvastatin
4S (diabetic sub group), 1999	simvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
HPS (diabetic sub group), 2002	simvastatin	placebo	diabetic patients	Exploratory	Suggesting
familial hypercholesterolemia
ezetimibe
Enhance, 2008	ezetimibe	placebo (on top statins)			-
pactimibe
CAPTIVATE, 2009	pactimibe	placebo		Exploratory	-	NCT00151788
torcetrapib
RADIANCE 1, 2007	torcetrapib	placebo		Exploratory	Negative	NCT00136981
heart failure
atorvastatin
Strey, 2005	atorvastatin	placebo	heart failure		-
Wojnicz, 2006	atorvastatin	control	heart failure		Negative
Sola, 2006	atorvastatin	placebo	heart failure		Negative
Yamada, 2007	atorvastatin	control	heart failure		Negative
cerivastatin
Laufs, 2004	cerivastatin	placebo	heart failure		-
rosuvastatin
CORONA, 2007	rosuvastatin	placebo	heart failure	Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00206310
Krum, 2007	rosuvastatin	placebo	heart failure	Exploratory	Negative
GISSI-HF rosuvastatine, 2008	rosuvastatin	placebo	heart failure	Low risk of bias	Negative	NCT00336336
simvastatin
Node, 2003	simvastatin	placebo	heart failure		Negative
Hong, 2005	simvastatin	control	heart failure	Risk of bias	Negative
Landmesser, 2005	simvastatin	ezetimibe	heart failure		-
hypertension
atorvastatin
ASCOT, 2003	atorvastatin	placebo	at risk hypertensive	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
fluvastatin
HYRIM, 2005	fluvastatin	placebo	hypertensive	Exploratory	Negative
peripheral vascular diseases
atorvastatin
Mohler III, 2003	atorvastatin	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
bezafibrate
LEADER trial, 2000	bezafibrate	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Low risk of bias	-
niacin
CLAS, 1987	colestipol-niacin	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
probucol
PQRST, 1994	probucol	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
simvastatin
HPS (sub group), 2002	simvastatin	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Low risk of bias	-
Mondillo, 2003	simvastatin	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
Aronow , 2003	simvastatin	placebo	Peripheral Arterial Disease	Exploratory	-
post myocardial infarction
atorvastatin
REVERSAL, 2004	atorvastatin high dose	pravastatin	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
TNT, 2005	atorvastatin high dose	atorvastatin	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive	NCT00327691
IDEAL, 2005	atorvastatin high dose	simvastatin	secondary prevention	Risk of bias	Suggesting	NCT00159835
Vascular basis, 2005	atorvastatin high dose	lovastatin	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Negative
SAGE, 2007	atorvastatin high dose	pravastatin	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Suggesting
bezafibrate
BECAIT, 1996	bezafibrate	placebo	secondary prevention	Exploratory	Suggesting
BIP, 2000	bezafibrate	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Negative
diet
Tuttle, 2008	low fat diet	mediterranean-style diet		Risk of bias	-
ezetimibe
IMPROVE-IT, 2014	ezetimibe	placebo (on top statins)			Conclusive	NCT00202878
gemfibrozil
VA-HIT, 1999	gemfibrozil	placebo		Low risk of bias	Suggesting	NCT00283335
niacin
Carlson (Stockholm), 1977	clofibtate+niacin	placebo	secondary prevention	Risk of bias	Suggesting
pravastatin
CARE, 1996	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
LIPID, 1998	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
PACT, 2004	pravastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Negative
simvastatin
4S, 1994	simvastatin	placebo	secondary prevention	Low risk of bias	Conclusive
post stroke
atorvastatin
SPARCL, 2006	atorvastatin	placebo	post stroke	Low risk of bias	Suggesting	NCT00147602
simvastatin
HPS (post troke sub group), 2004	simvastatin	placebo	post stroke	Exploratory	Suggesting

cholesterol lowering intervention Trials Results

Group by...

acute coronary syndrome

atorvastatin

ezetimibe

fluvastatin

pravastatin

simvastatin

acute myocardial infarction

atorvastatin

aortic stenosis

atorvastatin

rosuvastatin

simvastatin

CABG surgery

atorvastatin

simvastatin

cardiovascular prevention

atorvastatin

bezafibrate

cerivastatin

cholestyramine

clofibrate

colestipol

diet

estrogen

etofibrate

ezetimibe

fenofibrate

fluvastatin

gemfibrozil

lovastatin

niacin

policosanol

pravastatin

probucol

rosuvastatin

simvastatin

thyroxine

diabetes type 2

atorvastatin

ezetimibe

fenofibrate

fluvastatin

gemfibrozil

lovastatin

pravastatin

simvastatin

familial hypercholesterolemia

ezetimibe

pactimibe

torcetrapib

heart failure

atorvastatin

cerivastatin

rosuvastatin

simvastatin

hypertension

atorvastatin

fluvastatin

peripheral vascular diseases

atorvastatin

bezafibrate

niacin

probucol

simvastatin

post myocardial infarction

atorvastatin

bezafibrate

diet

ezetimibe

gemfibrozil

niacin

pravastatin

simvastatin

post stroke

atorvastatin

simvastatin

cholesterol lowering intervention
Trials Results