pathology | Demonstrated benefit and harm | k | | | |
---|
diabetes type 2 | versus No demonstrated result for efficacy | 3 trials | meta-analysis | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
---|
NN2211-1333 | liraglutide other doses vs | | | | Kaku 0.6mg, 2010 | liraglutide other doses vs placebo | | | | Pratley (1.8 vs 1.2), 2010 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs liraglutide 1.2mg | | | CV events 1.00 [0.06; 15.89] |
Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
---|
NN2211-1333 | liraglutide (n=-9) vs. placebo (n=-9) | obese subjects with type 2 diabetes | Sample size: -9/-9 Primary endpoint: FU duration: | Kaku 0.6mg, 2010 | liraglutide 0.6 mg/day (n=88) vs. placebo (n=88) 3 arms:liraglutide 0.6 mg/day, 0.9 mg/day or placebo | Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes | double-blind Parallel groups Sample size: 88/88 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 24 weeks | Pratley (1.8 vs 1.2), 2010 | (n=-9) vs. (n=-9) | | Sample size: -9/-9 Primary endpoint: FU duration: |
|
diabetes type 2 | versus placebo liraglutide superior to placebo in terms of CV events in LEADER, 2016 | 1 trial | meta-analysis | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
---|
LEADER, 2016 | liraglutide vs placebo | CV events 0.88 [0.79; 0.97] Demonstrated all causes death 0.85 [0.75; 0.97] CVdeath 0.79 [0.66; 0.94] Microvascular event 0.85 [0.75; 0.98] Nephropathy 0.80 [0.68; 0.93] | | fatal and non fatal stroke 0.87 [0.71; 1.06] fatal and non fatal MI 0.86 [0.74; 1.00] Hospitalization for heart failure 0.88 [0.74; 1.05] Retinopathy 1.15 [0.87; 1.52] |
Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
---|
LEADER, 2016 | Maximum dose of 1.8 mg liraglutide, injected subcutaneously once daily (n=4668) vs. placebo (n=4672) | subjects with type 2 diabetes | double-blind Sample size: 4668/4672 Primary endpoint: cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke FU duration: 3.8 years (median) |
|
diabetes type 2 | versus placebo or control No demonstrated result for efficacy | 4 trials | meta-analysis | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
---|
Seino, 2008 | liraglutide other doses vs placebo | | | death NaN [NaN; NaN] CV events NaN [NaN; NaN] severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] ant hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] | Madsbad (vs placebo), 2004 | liraglutide other doses vs placebo | | | death NaN [NaN; NaN] CV events NaN [NaN; NaN] vomiting ∞ [NaN; ∞] diarrhoea ∞ [NaN; ∞] severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] ant hypoglycemia ∞ [NaN; ∞] | Harder, 2004 | liraglutide other doses vs placebo | | | | NN2211-1571 (Vilsbøll), 2007 | liraglutide other doses vs placebo | | | CV events NaN [NaN; NaN] nausea 2.93 [0.38; 22.40] vomiting ∞ [NaN; ∞] diarrhoea 1.69 [0.70; 4.11] |
Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
---|
Seino, 2008 | Liraglutide 0.1, 0.3, 0.6 or 0.9 mg once daily for 14 weeks
(n=180) vs. Placebo
(n=46) randomized after OAD discontinuation and washout | Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes
| double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 180/46 Primary endpoint: HbA1c FU duration: 14 weeks phase 2
| Madsbad (vs placebo), 2004 | Liraglutide 0.045, 0.225, 0.45, 0.60, and 0.75 mg daily
(n=135) vs. Placebo
(n=29)
| Outpatients with type 2 diabetes
| open Sample size: 135/29 Primary endpoint: change in HbA1c FU duration: 12 weeks dose-response study
| Harder, 2004 | single daily subcutaneous dose of 0.6 mg liraglutide for 8 weeks (n=21) vs. placebo (n=12) | obese subjects with type 2 diabetes | double-blind Parallel groups Sample size: 21/12 Primary endpoint: not defined FU duration: 8 weeks | NN2211-1571 (Vilsbøll), 2007 | liraglutide 0.65 mg, 1.25 mg or 1.9 mg for 14 weeks
(n=123) vs. placebo
(n=40)
| subjects with type 2 diabetes
| double-blind Parallel groups Sample size: 123/40 Primary endpoint: not unique FU duration: 14 weeks phase 2, dose ranging
|
|
diabetes type 2 | versus add on oral therapy No demonstrated result for efficacy liraglutide 1.2mg inferior to placebo (add on MET) in terms of vomiting in LEAD-2 (Nauck) (1.2mg vs placebo), 2009 liraglutide 1.2mg inferior to placebo (add on SU) in terms of nausea in LEAD-1 SU (1.2 mg vs placebo), 2009 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to placebo (add on SU+MET) in terms of nausea in LEAD-5 (vs placebo), 2009 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to placebo (add on SU+MET) in terms of diarrhoea in LEAD-5 (vs placebo), 2009 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to insulin glargine (add on SU+MET) in terms of nausea in LEAD-5 (vs Glargine), 2009 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to insulin glargine (add on SU+MET) in terms of vomiting in LEAD-5 (vs Glargine), 2009 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to insulin glargine (add on SU+MET) in terms of diarrhoea in LEAD-5 (vs Glargine), 2009 | 13 trials | meta-analysis | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
---|
LEAD-2 (Nauck) (1.2mg vs placebo), 2009 | liraglutide 1.2mg vs placebo (add on MET) | | vomiting 22.27 [3.11; 159.74] | death NaN [NaN; NaN] severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] | LEAD-1 SU (1.2 mg vs placebo), 2009 | liraglutide 1.2mg vs placebo (add on SU) | | nausea 4.30 [1.06; 17.42] | severe hypoglycemia ∞ [NaN; ∞] | LEAD-4 (1.2mg), 2009 | liraglutide 1.2mg vs placebo (add on TZD+MET) | | | CV events 1.24 [0.34; 4.55] severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] | LEAD-5 (vs placebo), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs placebo (add on SU+MET) | | nausea 3.97 [1.44; 10.94] diarrhoea 3.80 [1.17; 12.39] | CV events 2.48 [0.29; 20.97] vomiting 1.86 [0.63; 5.47] | LEAD-2 (Nauck) (1.2 mg vs glimepiride), 2009 | liraglutide 1.2mg vs glimepiride (add on MET) | | | death NaN [NaN; NaN] severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] | LEAD-5 (vs Glargine), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs insulin glargine (add on SU+MET) | | nausea 10.76 [3.34; 34.64] vomiting 15.13 [2.02; 113.61] diarrhoea 7.73 [2.35; 25.40] | | NN2211-1796 | liraglutide other doses vs placebo (add on MET) | | | | LEAD-4 (1.8mg), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs placebo (add on TZD+MET) | | | CV events 0.75 [0.17; 3.28] | LEAD-1 SU (1.8 mg vs placebo), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs placebo (add on SU) | | | | LEAD-1 SU (1.8 vs rosiglitazone), 2009 | liraglutide other doses vs rosiglitazone (add on SU) | | | | LEAD-2 (Nauck) (1.8 mg vs glimepiride), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs glimepiride (add on MET) | | | | LEAD-2 (Nauck) (1.8mg vs placebo), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs placebo (add on MET) | | | | Kaku 0.9mg, 2010 | liraglutide other doses vs placebo (on top SU) | | | |
Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
---|
LEAD-2 (Nauck) (1.2mg vs placebo), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.2 mg daily
(n=241) vs. Placebo on-top of Metformin
(n=122) 5 arms : liraglutide 0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg, glimeripide 4mg once daily or placebo
| subjects previously treated with oral antidiabetes therapy
| double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 241/122 Primary endpoint: change in A1C FU duration: 26 weeks
| LEAD-1 SU (1.2 mg vs placebo), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.2 mg daily
(n=228) vs. Placebo on-top of sulphonylureas
(n=115) 5 arms liraglutide 0.6, 1.2 or 1.8mg, rosiglitazone or placebo | subjects with
Type 2 diabetes
| double-blind Parallel groups Sample size: 228/115 Primary endpoint: change in HbA1c FU duration: 26 weeks
| LEAD-4 (1.2mg), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.2 daily (n=178) vs. Placebo on-top of thiazolidinediones + metformin (n=177) 3 arms: liraglutide 1.2 or 1.8 mg, placebo | patients with type 2 diabetes, A1C 7–11% (previous OAD
monotherapy >=3 months) or 7–10% (previous OAD combination therapy >=3 months),
and BMI 45 kg/m2 | double-blind Parallel groups Sample size: 178/177 Primary endpoint: change in A1C FU duration: 26 weeks | LEAD-5 (vs placebo), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.8 mg daily
(n=232) vs. Placebo on-top of sulphonylureas+metformin
(n=115)
| adult patients with type 2 diabetes
| double-blind Parallel groups Sample size: 232/115 Primary endpoint: change in HbA1c FU duration: 26 weeks
| LEAD-2 (Nauck) (1.2 mg vs glimepiride), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.2mg daily for 26 weeks (n=241) vs. Glimepiride on-top of Metformin (n=244) 5 arms: Liraglutide 0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg daily, glimepiride 4mg od, placebo | patients with type 3 diabetes previously treated with oral antidiabetes (OAD) therap | double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 241/244 Primary endpoint: change in A1C FU duration: 26 weeks | LEAD-5 (vs Glargine), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.8 mg daily (n=232) vs. Glargine on-top of sulphonylureas+metformin (n=234) | adult patients with type 2 diabetes | open Parallel groups Sample size: 232/234 Primary endpoint: change in HbA1c FU duration: 26 weeks | NN2211-1796 | liraglutide added to metformin (n=-9) vs. glimepiride added to metformin (n=-9) | | Sample size: -9/-9 Primary endpoint: Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin A1c FU duration: | LEAD-4 (1.8mg), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.8 daily
(n=178) vs. Placebo on-top of thiazolidinediones + metformin
(n=177) 3 arms: liraglutide 1.2 or 1.8 mg, placebo
| patients with type 2 diabetes, A1C 7–11% (previous OAD
monotherapy >=3 months) or 7–10% (previous OAD combination therapy >=3 months),
and BMI 45 kg/m2
| double-blind Sample size: 178/177 Primary endpoint: change in A1C FU duration: 26 weeks
| LEAD-1 SU (1.8 mg vs placebo), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.8 mg daily
(n=234) vs. Placebo on-top of sulphonylureas
(n=114) 5 arms liraglutide 0.6, 1.2 or 1.8mg, rosiglitazone or placebo
| patients with type 2 diabetes
| double-blind Parallel groups Sample size: 234/114 Primary endpoint: change in HbA1c FU duration: 26 weeks
| LEAD-1 SU (1.8 vs rosiglitazone), 2009 | Liraglutide 0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg daily
(n=228) vs. rosiglitazone on-top of sulphonylureas
(n=232) 5 arms liraglutide 0.6, 1.2 or 1.8mg, rosiglitazone or placebo
|
| double-blind Parallel groups Sample size: 228/232 Primary endpoint: change in HbA1c FU duration: 26 weeks
| LEAD-2 (Nauck) (1.8 mg vs glimepiride), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.8 mg daily for 26 weeks
(n=242) vs. Glimepiride on-top of Metformin
(n=244) 5 arms: Liraglutide 0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg daily,glimepiride or placebo
| patients with type 3 diabetes previously treated with oral antidiabetes (OAD) therap
| double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 242/244 Primary endpoint: change in A1C FU duration: 26 weeks
| LEAD-2 (Nauck) (1.8mg vs placebo), 2009 | Liraglutide 1.8 mg daily
(n=242) vs. Placebo on-top of Metformin
(n=122) 5 arms : liraglutide 0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg, glimeripide 4mg once daily or placebo
| subjects previously treated with oral antidiabetes therapy
| double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 242/122 Primary endpoint: change in A1C FU duration: 26 weeks
| Kaku 0.9mg, 2010 | liraglutide 0.9 mg/day
(n=88) vs. placebo
(n=88) 3 arms:liraglutide 0.6 mg/day, 0.9 mg/day or placebo
| Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes
| double-blind Sample size: 88/88 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 24 weeks
|
|
diabetes type 2 | versus oral therapy No demonstrated result for efficacy liraglutide 1.2mg inferior to glimepiride in terms of nausea in LEAD-3 mono 1.2mg (Garber), 2009 liraglutide 1.2mg inferior to glimepiride in terms of vomiting in LEAD-3 mono 1.2mg (Garber), 2009 liraglutide 1.2mg inferior to glimepiride in terms of diarrhoea in LEAD-3 mono 1.2mg (Garber), 2009 liraglutide 1.2mg inferior to sitagliptin in terms of nausea in Pratley 1.2mg, 2010 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to exenatide on top MET/SU/MET+SU in terms of severe adverse events in LEAD-6, 2009 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to sitagliptin in terms of nausea in Pratley 1.8mg, 2010 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to sitagliptin in terms of vomiting in Pratley 1.8mg, 2010 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to sitagliptin in terms of diarrhoea in Pratley 1.8mg, 2010 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to glimepiride in terms of nausea in LEAD-3 mono 1.8mg (Garber), 2009 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to glimepiride in terms of vomiting in LEAD-3 mono 1.8mg (Garber), 2009 liraglutide 1.8mg inferior to glimepiride in terms of diarrhoea in LEAD-3 mono 1.8mg (Garber), 2009 | 12 trials | meta-analysis | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
---|
Madsbad (vs Glimepiride), 2004 | liraglutide other doses vs glimepiride | ant hypoglycemia 0.05 [0.01; 0.41] | | death NaN [NaN; NaN] CV events NaN [NaN; NaN] vomiting 0.58 [0.06; 5.34] diarrhoea ∞ [NaN; ∞] severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] | Feinglos, 2005 | liraglutide other doses vs metformin | | | death NaN [NaN; NaN] CV events NaN [NaN; NaN] nausea 0.68 [0.15; 3.12] vomiting 0.77 [0.09; 6.70] severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] ant hypoglycemia 0.48 [0.10; 2.39] | LEAD-3 mono 1.2mg (Garber), 2009 | liraglutide 1.2mg vs glimepiride | | nausea 3.25 [2.06; 5.12] vomiting 3.40 [1.65; 7.00] diarrhoea 1.75 [1.07; 2.87] | death 0.00 [0.00; NaN] severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] serious adverse events 1.22 [0.60; 2.47] | Pratley 1.2mg, 2010 | liraglutide 1.2mg vs sitagliptin | | nausea 4.56 [2.36; 8.80] | death 0.00 [0.00; NaN] CV events 0.97 [0.06; 15.46] vomiting 1.87 [0.85; 4.11] diarrhoea 1.59 [0.74; 3.42] serious adverse events 1.49 [0.43; 5.19] severe adverse events 0.87 [0.32; 2.35] | LEAD-6, 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs exenatide on top MET/SU/MET+SU | | severe adverse events 2.80 [1.12; 6.97] | nausea 0.91 [0.67; 1.23] vomiting 0.60 [0.32; 1.14] diarrhoea 1.02 [0.63; 1.66] severe hypoglycemia 0.00 [0.00; NaN] serious adverse events 1.97 [0.75; 5.17] | Seino, 2010 | liraglutide other doses vs glibenclamide | | | death ∞ [NaN; ∞] diarrhoea 1.67 [0.63; 4.44] severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] treatment-emergent
adverse events (TEAEs) 0.99 [0.87; 1.12] serious adverse events 0.80 [0.34; 1.88] severe adverse events 1.48 [0.30; 7.22] | Pratley 1.8mg, 2010 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs sitagliptin | | nausea 5.93 [3.11; 11.28] vomiting 2.34 [1.10; 5.00] diarrhoea 2.51 [1.24; 5.10] | death 1.00 [0.06; 15.96] CV events 0.97 [0.06; 15.46] serious adverse events 1.51 [0.43; 5.27] severe adverse events 0.88 [0.32; 2.38] | LEAD-3 mono 1.8mg (Garber), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs glimepiride | | nausea 3.84 [2.63; 5.59] vomiting 2.57 [1.21; 5.43] diarrhoea 2.10 [1.30; 3.38] | severe hypoglycemia NaN [NaN; NaN] serious adverse events 0.62 [0.26; 1.46] | LEAD 1 (1.8 vs 1.2), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs liraglutide 1.2mg | | | | LEAD 2 (1.8 vs 1.2), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs liraglutide 1.2mg | | | | LEAD 4 (1.8 vs 1.2), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8mg vs liraglutide 1.2mg | | | | LEAD-1 SU (1.2 vs rosiglitazone), 2009 | liraglutide 1.2mg vs rosiflitazone | | | |
Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
---|
Madsbad (vs Glimepiride), 2004 | Liraglutide 0.045, 0.225, 0.45, 0.60, and 0.75 mg daily (n=135) vs. Glimepiride (n=26) | Outpatients with type 2 diabetes | open Parallel groups Sample size: 135/26 Primary endpoint: change in HbA1c FU duration: 12 weeks dose-response study | Feinglos, 2005 | Liraglutide 0.045, 0.225, 0.45, 0.6 or 0.75 mg daily for 12 weeks (n=176) vs. metformin 1000mg twice daily (n=34) | subjects with Type 2 diabetes | double blind (not adequate) Parallel groups Sample size: 176/34 Primary endpoint: not defiend FU duration: 12 weeks phase 2 dose response study | LEAD-3 mono 1.2mg (Garber), 2009 | liraglutide 1.2 mg daily
(n=251) vs. glimepiride 8 mg once daily (n=248) 3 arms : liraglutide 1.2 or 1.8 mg daily or glimepiride 8 mg once daily | patients with early type 2 diabetes
| double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 251/248 Primary endpoint: Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) , , FU duration: 52 weeks (104 weeks) phase 3
| Pratley 1.2mg, 2010 | liraglutide 1.2mg subcutaneously once daily (n=225) vs. oral sitagliptin 100mg once daily (n=219) 2 dose of liraglutide 1.2 and 1.8 mg | patients with type 2 diabetes who did not have adequate glycemic control with metformin | open Parallel groups Sample size: 225/219 Primary endpoint: change in HbA1c FU duration: 26 weeks | LEAD-6, 2009 | liraglutide 1.8 mg once a day (n=233) vs. exenatide 10 microg twice a day (n=231) | Adults with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes on maximally tolerated doses of metformin, sulphonylurea, or both | open Parallel groups Sample size: 233/231 Primary endpoint: change in glycosylated haemoglobin FU duration: 26 weeks | Seino, 2010 | liraglutide 0.9 mg once daily (n=272) vs. glibenclamide once or twice daily at a planned maximum dose of 2.5 mg/day, before or after meals (n=139) | Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes, inadequately controlled with diet therapy or oral antidiabetic drug monotherapy | double-blind Parallel groups Sample size: 272/139 Primary endpoint: HbA1c FU duration: 24-week | Pratley 1.8mg, 2010 | liraglutide 1.8mg subcutaneously once daily
(n=221) vs. oral sitagliptin 100mg once daily
(n=219) 2 dose of liraglutide 1.2 and 1.8 mg
| patients with type 2 diabetes who did not have adequate glycemic control with metformin
| open Parallel groups Sample size: 221/219 Primary endpoint: change in HbA1c FU duration: 26 weeks
| LEAD-3 mono 1.8mg (Garber), 2009 | liraglutide 1.8 mg daily
(n=247) vs. glimepiride 8 mg once daily
(n=248) 3 arms : liraglutide 1.2 or 1.8 mg daily or glimepiride 8 mg once daily
| subjects with type 2 diabetes
| double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 247/248 Primary endpoint: Change in Glycosylated Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) , , FU duration: 52 weeks (104 weeks) phase 3
| LEAD 1 (1.8 vs 1.2), 2009 | (n=-9) vs. (n=-9) | | Sample size: -9/-9 Primary endpoint: FU duration: | LEAD 2 (1.8 vs 1.2), 2009 | (n=-9) vs. (n=-9) | | Sample size: -9/-9 Primary endpoint: FU duration: | LEAD 4 (1.8 vs 1.2), 2009 | (n=-9) vs. (n=-9) | | Sample size: -9/-9 Primary endpoint: FU duration: | LEAD-1 SU (1.2 vs rosiglitazone), 2009 | (n=-9) vs. (n=-9) | | Sample size: -9/-9 Primary endpoint: FU duration: |
|
obesity and overweight | versus placebo or control No demonstrated result for efficacy | 1 trial | meta-analysis | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
---|
Astrup (NN8022-1807 ), 2009 | liraglutide vs placebo | | | |
Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
---|
Astrup (NN8022-1807 ), 2009 | 4 liraglutide doses (1.2 mg, 1.8 mg, 2.4 mg, or 3.0 mg daily) (n=-9) vs. placebo (n=-9) 3rd arms with orlistat 120 mg three times a day orally (n = 95) | obese individuals without type 2 diabetes | double blind Parallel groups Sample size: -9/-9 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 20 weeks |
|