| mechanism | treatment | Demonstrated benefit and harm | k | | | |
|---|
| antiplatelets drug | aspirin | versus placebo or control No demonstrated result for efficacy | 5 trials | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| McEnany, 1982 | aspirin vs placebo | | | vascular death 0.36 [0.04; 3.40] Non fatal stroke NaN [NaN; NaN] non fatal MI 0.00 [0.00; NaN] non vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] vascular event 0.22 [0.03; 1.81] | | Lorenz, 1984 | aspirin vs placebo | | | vascular death 1.07 [0.16; 7.10] Non fatal stroke 0.00 [0.00; NaN] non fatal MI 0.00 [0.00; NaN] non vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] vascular event 0.53 [0.11; 2.70] | | GESIC (aspirin), 1990 | aspirin vs placebo | | | vascular death 2.59 [0.93; 7.18] non vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] vascular event 2.59 [0.93; 7.18] | | aspirin vs placebo | | | | | aspirin vs placebo | | | |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| McEnany, 1982 | aspirin 1200 (n=71) vs. placebo (n=77) | patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting | double blind Sample size: 71/77 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 22m | | Lorenz, 1984 | aspirin 100 mg/d (n=29) vs. placebo (n=31) | patients undergoing CABG | double blind Sample size: 29/31 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 4m | | GESIC (aspirin), 1990 | aspirin 150 mg daily (n=373) vs. placebo (n=371) 3 arms trials: placebo, aspirin, aspirin + dipyridamole | patients undergoing CABG | double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 373/371 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 28d | | Sydney, 1991 | aspirin 324 mg daily (n=127) vs. placebo (n=110) | patients undergoing CABG | double blind Sample size: 127/110 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 12m | | Hockings, 1993 | aspirin 100 (n=72) vs. placebo (n=72) | patients undergoing CABG | double blind Sample size: 72/72 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 6m |
|
| antiplatelets drug | clopidogrel | versus No demonstrated result for efficacy | 1 trial | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| CASCADE, 2009 | clopidogrel+aspirin vs aspirin | | | |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| CASCADE, 2009 | aspirin 162 mg plus clopidogrel 75 mg daily for 1 year (n=56) vs. aspirin 162 mg plus placebo daily (n=57) | patients after CABG involving at least two saphenous vein grafts | double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 56/57 Primary endpoint: vein graft intimal area FU duration: 1 y |
|
| antiplatelets drug | dipyridamol | versus No demonstrated result for efficacy | 1 trial | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| GESIC (aspirin+dipyridamol), 1990 | aspirin + dipyridamol vs placebo | | | vascular death 1.81 [0.61; 5.36] vascular event 1.81 [0.61; 5.36] |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| GESIC (aspirin+dipyridamol), 1990 | aspirin 50 mg + dipyridamole 75mg 3 times daily
(n=368) vs. placebo
(n=371) 3 arms trials: placebo, aspirin, aspirin + dipyridamole
| patients undergoing CABG
| double blind Parallel groups Sample size: 368/371 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 28d
|
|
| antiplatelets drug | dipyridamol | versus placebo or control No demonstrated result for efficacy | 12 trials | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| Brooks, 1985 | aspirin + dipyridamol vs placebo | | | vascular death 2.00 [0.61; 6.51] non vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] vascular event 2.00 [0.61; 6.51] | | Mayo-A, 1984 | aspirin + dipyridamol vs placebo | | | vascular death 0.85 [0.26; 2.73] vascular event 0.85 [0.26; 2.73] | | Pantely, 1979 | aspirin + dipyridamol vs control | | | vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] Non fatal stroke NaN [NaN; NaN] non fatal MI NaN [NaN; NaN] non vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] vascular event NaN [NaN; NaN] | | Wadsworth, 1985 | aspirin + dipyridamol vs placebo | | | vascular death 2.13 [0.20; 23.06] Non fatal stroke 1.06 [0.07; 16.75] non vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] vascular event 1.59 [0.27; 9.33] | | Brussels, 1987 | aspirin + dipyridamol vs control | | | vascular death ∞ [NaN; ∞] Non fatal stroke 0.00 [0.00; NaN] non fatal MI 0.52 [0.05; 5.38] non vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] vascular event 0.69 [0.13; 3.80] | | Basel, 1989 | aspirin + dipyridamol vs placebo | | | vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] non fatal MI 0.00 [0.00; NaN] non vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] vascular event 0.00 [0.00; NaN] | | aspirin + dipyridamol vs placebo | | | | | aspirin + dipyridamol vs control | | | | | aspirin + dipyridamol vs placebo | | | | | aspirin + dipyridamol vs control | | | | | dipyridamol vs control | | | | | dipyridamol vs placebo | | | |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| Brooks, 1985 | aspirin 990 mg and dipyridamole 225 mg daily (n=160) vs. placebo (n=160) | patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting | double blind Sample size: 160/160 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 12m | | Mayo-A, 1984 | aspirin 975 + dipiridamol 225 (n=202) vs. placebo (n=205) | patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting | double blind Sample size: 202/205 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 12m | | Pantely, 1979 | aspirin 325 mg three times a day + dipyridamole 75 mg three times a day (n=18) vs. control (n=30) | patients undergoing aortocoronary saphenous-vein bypass-graft surgery | open Sample size: 18/30 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 6m | | Wadsworth, 1985 | aspirin 975 mg/d + dipiridamol 225 mg/d, aspirin 975 mg/d (n=96) vs. placebo (n=102) | coronary bypass patients | double blind Sample size: 96/102 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 12m | | Brussels, 1987 | aspirin 200 + dipiridamol 400 (H) (n=24) vs. (n=25) | | Sample size: 24/25 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 12m | | Basel, 1989 | aspirin 50 + dipiridamol 400 (n=62) vs. placebo (n=63) | patients who had aortocoronary vein bypass surgery | double blind Sample size: 62/63 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 9m | | Leeds-B, 1985 | aspirin 990 + dipiridamol 225 (W) (n=61) vs. placebo (n=64) | patients undergoing aorta-coronary bypass grafting for disabling angina | double blind Sample size: 61/64 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 6m | | Czech, 1986 | aspirin 1000 + dipiridamol 225 (n=47) vs. control (no medication) (n=46) | Patients with aortocoronary bypasses with intraoperative blood flow rates of 40 ml/min or less | open Sample size: 47/46 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 12m | | Thaulow, 1987 | aspirin 975 + dipiridamol 225 (n=34) vs. placebo (n=35) | Patients scheduled to receive at least three aortocoronary venous bypass grafts | double blind Sample size: 34/35 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 3m | | Des Moines, 1980 | aspirin 20 + dipiridamol 100 (n=60) vs. (n=54) | | Sample size: 60/54 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 12m | | Toronto dipyridamole, 1987 | dipiridamol 400 (n=20) vs. control (n=20) | patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting | Sample size: 20/20 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 48h | | Ekestrom, 1990 | dipiridamol 100 mg orally q.i.d. (n=174) vs. placebo (n=186) | patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery | double blind Sample size: 174/186 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 12m |
|
| antiplatelets drug | sulfinpyrazone | versus placebo or control No demonstrated result for efficacy | 1 trial | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| sulfinpyrazone vs placebo | | | |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| Baur, 1982 | sulfinpyrazone 800 mg/day (n=130) vs. placebo (n=125) | patients undergoing CABG | double blind Sample size: 130/125 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 10d |
|
| antiplatelets drug | sulotroban | versus placebo or control No demonstrated result for efficacy | 1 trial | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| sulotroban vs control | | | |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| German sulotroban, 1989 | ST (n=90) vs. (n=85) | | Sample size: 90/85 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 21d |
|
| antiplatelets drug | ticlopidine | versus placebo or control No demonstrated result for efficacy | 6 trials | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| Liège-I, 1984 | ticlopidine vs placebo | | | vascular death 0.00 [0.00; NaN] Non fatal stroke 0.00 [0.00; NaN] non fatal MI NaN [NaN; NaN] non vascular death NaN [NaN; NaN] vascular event 0.00 [0.00; NaN] | | Liège-II, 1987 | ticlopidine vs placebo | | | vascular death 1.98 [0.18; 21.41] Non fatal stroke 0.00 [0.00; NaN] non fatal MI 0.33 [0.03; 3.11] non vascular death 0.00 [0.00; NaN] vascular event 0.49 [0.13; 1.91] | | ticlopidine vs control | | | | | ticlopidine vs control | | | | | ticlopidine vs control | | | | | ticlopidine vs control | | | |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| Liège-I, 1984 | ticlopidine 250 mg twice daily (n=75) vs. placebo (n=75) | patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass graft procedures | double blind Sample size: 75/75 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 3m | | Liège-II, 1987 | ticlopidine 250 mg twice daily (n=88) vs. placebo (n=87) | patients undergoing venous coronary artery bypass grafting | double blind Sample size: 88/87 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 12m | | Zurich, 1982 | ticlopidine 500 (NC) (n=50) vs. (n=50) | | Sample size: 50/50 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 3m | | Knudsen-B, 1983 | ticlopidine 500 (n=9) vs. (n=10) | | Sample size: 9/10 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 6m | | Romeo, 1983 | ticlopidine 500 (n=20) vs. (n=20) | | Sample size: 20/20 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 3m (12m) | | Kohn, 1990 | ticlopidine 500 (n=21) vs. (n=24) | | Sample size: 21/24 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 14d |
|
| cholesterol lowering intervention | atorvastatin | versus placebo or control No demonstrated result for efficacy | 2 trials | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| Chello et al., 2006 | preoperative atorvastatin vs placebo | | | all-cause mortality NaN [NaN; NaN] Stroke NaN [NaN; NaN] MI NaN [NaN; NaN] atrial fibrillation 0.40 [0.09; 1.83] | | Patti et al., 2006 | preoperative atorvastatin vs placebo | atrial fibrillation 0.61 [0.45; 0.84] | | all-cause mortality 0.98 [0.14; 6.82] MI 0.98 [0.20; 4.74] |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| Chello et al., 2006 | preoperative atorvastatin 20 mg/d, started 3 wks before surgery (n=20) vs. placebo (n=20) | elective CABG | double blind Sample size: 20/20 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 7 days | | Patti et al., 2006 | preoperative atorvastatin 40 mg/d, starting 7 days before operation (n=101) vs. placebo (n=99) | patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, without previous statin treatment or history of AF | double blind Sample size: 101/99 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 30 days |
|
| cholesterol lowering intervention | simvastatin | versus placebo or control No demonstrated result for efficacy | 1 trial | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| Christenson, 1999 | preoperative simvastatin vs no treatment | | | all-cause mortality NaN [NaN; NaN] MI 0.00 [0.00; NaN] |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| Christenson, 1999 | preoperative simvastatin 20 mg/d, stated 4 weeks before surgery (n=40) vs. no statins (n=37) | patients with hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol > or =6.2 mmol/l) planned for CABG | Sample size: 40/37 Primary endpoint: FU duration: 7 days |
|
| Miscellaneous | Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery | versus surgery No demonstrated result for efficacy | 1 trial | meta-analysis | | | Trial | control | p<0.05 | harm | NS |
|---|
| STICH (ventricular reconstruction), 2009 | CABG+surgical ventricular reconstruction vs CABG | | | Death from any cause 0.97 [0.80; 1.19] stroke 0.74 [0.44; 1.25] Acute myocardial infarction 0.91 [0.50; 1.64] Hospitalization for cardiac causes 0.96 [0.83; 1.12] Death, hospitalization for cardiac causes 0.99 [0.89; 1.10] |
| Trial | Treatments | Patients | Method |
|---|
| STICH (ventricular reconstruction), 2009 | CABG with surgical ventricular reconstruction (n=501) vs. CABG (n=499) | patients with anterior-apical regional left ventricular dysfunction | open Parallel groups Sample size: 501/499 Primary endpoint: death from any cause and hospitalization for cardiac causes FU duration: 48 months |
|
