diuretics

Description Results NMA

treatment success 0.92 [0.78; 1.09]

daily intravenous rolofylline (30 mg) for up to 3 days (n=-9)

vs.

placebo (n=-9)

double-blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: -9/-9

Primary endpoint: treatment success

FU duration: 3 days (60 days)

amiloride (n=12)

vs.

placebo (n=12)

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 12/12

Primary endpoint: haemodynamic

FU duration: 12 weeks

death from any cause 0.86 [0.77; 0.96]

death from cardiovascular causes 0.84 [0.74; 0.95]

Sudden death 0.80 [0.66; 0.98]

death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for cardiovascular causes 0.89 [0.82; 0.96]

serious hyperkalemia (¡Ý6.0 mmol per liter) 1.43 [1.14; 1.78]

Adverse events 0.99 [0.97; 1.02]

hospitalisation for cardiovascular causes 0.93 [0.84; 1.03]

death from any cause 0.81 [0.67; 0.97]

death from cardiovascular causes 0.80 [0.65; 0.98]

Death from any cause or hospitalization for any reason 0.82 [0.74; 0.90]

Hospitalization for heart failure 0.65 [0.54; 0.78]

Hospitalization for any reason 0.84 [0.75; 0.93]

Death from any cause or hospitalization for heart failure 0.72 [0.63; 0.83]

serious hyperkalemia (¡Ý6.0 mmol per liter) 2.19 [1.58; 3.04]

Death from worsening heart failure 0.74 [0.51; 1.08]

Adverse events 0.98 [0.93; 1.02]

Sudden death 0.79 [0.57; 1.11]

eplerenone 25 mg per day initially, titrated to amaximum of 50 mg per day (n=3319)

vs.

placebo (n=3313)

Double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 3319/3313

Primary endpoint: all cause death AND cardiovascular death or hospitalization for a CV event

FU duration: 16 mo (mean, range 0 to 33)

eplerenone (n=1364)

vs.

placebo (n=1373)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 1364/1373

Primary endpoint: CV death, hospitalization for HF

FU duration: 21 months

NYHA functional class improvement 0.71 [0.45; 1.14]

worsening heart failure, ∞ [NaN; ∞]

furosemide 25 to 100 mg od (n=8)

vs.

captopril 12.5 to 50 mg bid +furosemide 25mg od (n=7)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 8/7

Primary endpoint: exercise

FU duration: 13 weeks

furosemide (increased doses of frusemide) (n=10)

vs.

captopril (addition) (n=10)

introduction

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 10/10

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration:

NYHA functional class improvement 0.06 [0.01; 0.41]

hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg daily (n=29)

vs.

benazepril 20 mg daily (n=29)

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 29/29

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 8 weeks

hydrochlorothiazide+triamterene (n=16)

vs.

digoxin (n=16)

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 16/16

Primary endpoint: haemodynamic response

FU duration: 5 weeks

(n=-9)

vs.

(n=-9)

Sample size: -9/-9

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

death from any cause 0.75 [0.67; 0.85]

death from cardiovascular causes 0.74 [0.65; 0.85]

Sudden death 0.76 [0.58; 1.00]

hospitalisation for cardiovascular causes 0.79 [0.70; 0.90]

worsening heart failure, 0.79 [0.71; 0.88]

Discontinuation because of adverse event 1.59 [1.08; 2.33]

NYHA functional class improvement 1.24 [1.09; 1.41]

Adverse events 1.03 [0.99; 1.08]

serious hyperkalemia (¡Ý6.0 mmol per liter) 2.05 [0.19; 22.52]

spironolactone (25 to 50 mg daily) (n=822)

vs.

placebo (n=841)

Open

Parallel groups

Sample size: 822/841

Primary endpoint: death from any cause

FU duration: 24 mo

spironolactone 25mg/d (n=14)

vs.

placebo (n=15)

open

Parallel groups

Sample size: 14/15

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 6 months

spironolactone 25 mg/d (n=30)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Sample size: 30/0

Primary endpoint: myocardial function

FU duration: 6 months

spironolactone 12.5-50 mg/d (n=43)

vs.

placebo (n=43)

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 43/43

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 3 months

spironolactone (n=47)

vs.

control (n=46)

open

Sample size: 47/46

Primary endpoint: ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism

FU duration: 12 months

spironolactone 12.5 to 50 mg/day (n=54)

vs.

control (n=52)

open

Parallel groups

Sample size: 54/52

Primary endpoint: Ventricular Function and Exercise tolerance

FU duration: 12 months

spironolactone 50mg/d (n=28)

vs.

placebo (n=28)

double blind

Sample size: 28/28

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 4 weeks

spironolactone 25 mg daily (n=20)

vs.

placebo (n=17)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 20/17

Primary endpoint: neurohumoral factors

FU duration: 12 weeks

spironolactone (n=19)

vs.

standard medical treatment (n=16)

open

Parallel groups

Sample size: 19/16

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 20 weeks

spironolactone 50 mg/d (n=10)

vs.

placebo (n=10)

double blind

Sample size: 10/10

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 4 weeks

spironolactone (50-100 mg/day) (n=21)

vs.

placebo (n=16)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 21/16

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 8 weeks

spironolactone 50 to 100 mg/day, titrated to blood pressure and plasma potassium (added to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) (n=28)

vs.

placebo (n=14)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 28/14

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 8 weeks

NYHA functional class improvement 0.75 [0.41; 1.36]

Aldactone 200 mg i.v (n=11)

vs.

furosemide 20 mg i.v (n=10)

open

Sample size: 11/10

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

captopril plus spironolactone (n=19)

vs.

captopril alone (n=16)

open

Sample size: 19/16

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 4 weeks

spironolactone 50mg + furosemide 20 mg (n=22)

vs.

spironolactone 50mg + butizide 5mg (n=0)

open

Sample size: 22/0

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration:

intensified treatment with diuretics (furosemide- spironolactone) (n=10)

vs.

prenalterol 100-200 mg daily in addition to their basal treatment (n=10)

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 10/10

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration: 12 weeks