| treatment |
|
comparator |
All cause death | Coronary death | Coronary event | Cardiovascular death | Amputation | Haemmorhagic stroke | Non fatal stroke | Non fatal MI | ischemic stroke | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | cardiovascular events | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | new-onset diabetes | new-onset atrial fibrillation |
|
|
| Beta carotene | cardiovascular prevention, in all type of patients | vs placebo | by 15% | - | by 80% | by 28% | - | NS | NS | NS | NS | by 74% | by 31% | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 0.85 [0.78 0.92] | p=0.04 | 0 | 81858 | 6 | CARET beta carotene, SCP beta carotene, NSCP (Green) beta carotene, PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, WACS beta-caroten, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | 0.20 [0.18 0.23] | p=0.04 | 0 | 60118 | 3 | PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, WACS beta-caroten, | | Cardiovascular death | 0.72 [0.67 0.77] | p=0.04 | 0 | 109186 | 6 | ATBC beta carotene, CARET beta carotene, NSCP (Green) beta carotene, PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, WACS beta-caroten, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 2.13 [0.92 4.93] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | Non fatal stroke | 1.10 [0.86 1.41] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | Non fatal MI | 1.09 [0.84 1.41] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | ischemic stroke | 1.12 [0.88 1.42] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.26 [0.23 0.29] | p=0.04 | 0 | 60118 | 3 | PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, WACS beta-caroten, | | cardiovascular events | 0.69 [0.62 0.78] | p=0.04 | 0 | 60118 | 3 | PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, WACS beta-caroten, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| ATBC beta carotene, 1994 | beta carotene 20mg four times daily | placebo | male smokers 50 to 69 years of age from southwestern Finland | | CARET beta carotene, 1996 | combination of
30 mg of beta carotene per day and 25,000 IU of retinol
(vitamin A) in the form of retinyl palmitate per day | placebo | smokers, former smokers, and workers
exposed to asbestos | | SCP beta carotene, 1990 | beta carotene 50mg four times daily | placebo | Age <85 years (most <65 years); previous
non-melanoma skin cancer; 69% male | | NSCP (Green) beta carotene, 1999 | beta carotene 30mg four times daily | placebo | residents of Nambour | | PHS beta carotene, 1996 | beta carotene 50 mg on alternate days | placebo | male physicians, 40 to 84 years of age with no history of cancer (except
nonmelanoma skin cancer), myocardial infarction, stroke, or transient
cerebral ischemia | | WHS beta carotene, 1999 | beta carotene 50mg four times daily | placebo | female health professionals, aged 45 years or
older and without a history of cancer (except nonmelanoma
skin cancer), coronary heart disease, or
cerebrovascular disease | | WACS beta-caroten, 2007 | beta carotene (Lurotin) 50 mg every two days
| placebo
| female health professionals at increased risk (40 years or older with a history of CVD or 3 or more CVD risk factors) |
|
| Beta carotene | cardiovascular prevention, in primary prevention | vs placebo | by 26% | - | by 88% | by 33% | - | - | - | - | - | by 86% | by 68% | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 0.74 [0.66 0.82] | p=0.04 | 0 | 70261 | 3 | CARET beta carotene, PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | 0.12 [0.10 0.14] | p=0.04 | 0 | 51947 | 2 | PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, | | Cardiovascular death | 0.67 [0.62 0.73] | p=0.04 | 0 | 99394 | 4 | ATBC beta carotene, CARET beta carotene, PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | no data | | Non fatal stroke | no data | | Non fatal MI | no data | | ischemic stroke | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.14 [0.12 0.16] | p=0.04 | 0 | 51947 | 2 | PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, | | cardiovascular events | 0.32 [0.27 0.39] | p=0.04 | 0 | 51947 | 2 | PHS beta carotene, WHS beta carotene, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| ATBC beta carotene, 1994 | beta carotene 20mg four times daily | placebo | male smokers 50 to 69 years of age from southwestern Finland | | CARET beta carotene, 1996 | combination of
30 mg of beta carotene per day and 25,000 IU of retinol
(vitamin A) in the form of retinyl palmitate per day | placebo | smokers, former smokers, and workers
exposed to asbestos | | PHS beta carotene, 1996 | beta carotene 50 mg on alternate days | placebo | male physicians, 40 to 84 years of age with no history of cancer (except
nonmelanoma skin cancer), myocardial infarction, stroke, or transient
cerebral ischemia | | WHS beta carotene, 1999 | beta carotene 50mg four times daily | placebo | female health professionals, aged 45 years or
older and without a history of cancer (except nonmelanoma
skin cancer), coronary heart disease, or
cerebrovascular disease |
|
| Beta carotene | cardiovascular prevention, in secondary prevention | vs placebo | NS | NS | NS | NS | - | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 1.03 [0.90 1.18] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | Coronary death | 1.03 [0.75 1.41] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1755 | 1 | ATBC 2nd prev subgroup (b carotene), | | Coronary event | 0.96 [0.81 1.14] | p=1.00 | 0 | 9926 | 2 | WACS beta-caroten, ATBC 2nd prev subgroup (b carotene), | | Cardiovascular death | 1.15 [0.94 1.41] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 2.13 [0.92 4.93] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | Non fatal stroke | 1.10 [0.86 1.41] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | Non fatal MI | 1.00 [0.82 1.23] | p=1.00 | 0 | 9926 | 2 | WACS beta-caroten, ATBC 2nd prev subgroup (b carotene), | | ischemic stroke | 1.12 [0.88 1.42] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 1.18 [0.93 1.48] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | cardiovascular events | 1.09 [0.95 1.26] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS beta-caroten, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| WACS beta-caroten, 2007 | beta carotene (Lurotin) 50 mg every two days
| placebo
| female health professionals at increased risk (40 years or older with a history of CVD or 3 or more CVD risk factors) | | ATBC 2nd prev subgroup (b carotene), 1998 | synthetic beta carotene 20 mg daily | placebo
| patients enroled in the ATBC trial and
who had angina pectoris in the Rose chest
pain questionnaire at baseline
|
|
| Vitamin c | cardiovascular prevention, in all type of patients | vs placebo | NS | - | NS | NS | - | NS | NS | NS | by 15% | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 1.05 [0.97 1.14] | p=1.00 | 0 | 22812 | 2 | WACS vitamin C, PHS II vitamin C, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | 1.04 [0.82 1.33] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | Cardiovascular death | 1.04 [0.91 1.19] | p=1.00 | 0 | 22812 | 2 | WACS vitamin C, PHS II vitamin C, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 0.98 [0.64 1.49] | p=1.00 | 0 | 22812 | 2 | WACS vitamin C, PHS II vitamin C, | | Non fatal stroke | 0.87 [0.68 1.11] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | Non fatal MI | 1.09 [0.84 1.40] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | ischemic stroke | 0.85 [0.73 1.00] | p=0.04 | 0 | 22812 | 2 | WACS vitamin C, PHS II vitamin C, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.88 [0.76 1.01] | p=1.00 | 0 | 22812 | 2 | WACS vitamin C, PHS II vitamin C, | | cardiovascular events | 1.00 [0.91 1.09] | p=1.00 | 0 | 22812 | 2 | WACS vitamin C, PHS II vitamin C, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| WACS vitamin C, 2007 | vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 500 mg/d
| placebo
| female health professionals at increased risk (40 years or older with a history of CVD or 3 or more CVD risk factors)
| | PHS II vitamin C, 2008 | vitamin C 500mg daily | placebo | US male physicians aged 50 years or older |
|
| Vitamin c | cardiovascular prevention, in secondary prevention | vs placebo | NS | - | NS | NS | - | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 1.03 [0.90 1.17] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | 1.04 [0.82 1.33] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | Cardiovascular death | 1.09 [0.89 1.33] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 1.08 [0.49 2.38] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | Non fatal stroke | 0.87 [0.68 1.11] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | Non fatal MI | 1.09 [0.84 1.40] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | ischemic stroke | 0.83 [0.65 1.06] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.86 [0.68 1.09] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | cardiovascular events | 1.01 [0.87 1.16] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin C, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| WACS vitamin C, 2007 | vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 500 mg/d
| placebo
| female health professionals at increased risk (40 years or older with a history of CVD or 3 or more CVD risk factors)
|
|
| Vitamin c | cardiovascular prevention, in primary prevention | vs placebo | NS | - | - | NS | - | NS | - | - | NS | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 1.06 [0.96 1.18] | p=1.00 | 0 | 14641 | 1 | PHS II vitamin C, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | no data | | Cardiovascular death | 1.01 [0.85 1.20] | p=1.00 | 0 | 14641 | 1 | PHS II vitamin C, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 0.94 [0.57 1.54] | p=1.00 | 0 | 14641 | 1 | PHS II vitamin C, | | Non fatal stroke | no data | | Non fatal MI | no data | | ischemic stroke | 0.87 [0.71 1.06] | p=1.00 | 0 | 14641 | 1 | PHS II vitamin C, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.88 [0.73 1.06] | p=1.00 | 0 | 14641 | 1 | PHS II vitamin C, | | cardiovascular events | 0.99 [0.88 1.11] | p=1.00 | 0 | 14641 | 1 | PHS II vitamin C, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| PHS II vitamin C, 2008 | vitamin C 500mg daily | placebo | US male physicians aged 50 years or older |
|
| Vitamin e | cardiovascular prevention, in all type of patients | vs control | NS | - | NS | NS | - | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 0.94 [0.83 1.06] | p=1.00 | 0 | 15829 | 2 | GISSI, PPP, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | 0.89 [0.50 1.59] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | Cardiovascular death | 0.94 [0.80 1.09] | p=1.00 | 0 | 15819 | 2 | GISSI, PPP, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 5.07 [0.24 105.75] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | Non fatal stroke | 0.95 [0.73 1.26] | p=1.00 | 0 | 15819 | 2 | GISSI, PPP, | | Non fatal MI | 1.11 [0.92 1.33] | p=1.00 | 0 | 15819 | 2 | GISSI, PPP, | | ischemic stroke | 1.13 [0.59 2.14] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.93 [0.71 1.22] | p=1.00 | 0 | 15829 | 2 | GISSI, PPP, | | cardiovascular events | 0.99 [0.88 1.11] | p=1.00 | 0 | 15819 | 2 | GISSI, PPP, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| GISSI, 1999 | vitamin E 300mg/d | no vitamine E | patients with recent (3 months) myocardial
infarction | | PPP, 2001 | vitamin E (300 mg/day) | no vitamin E | men and women
aged 50 years or greater, with at least one of the major
recognised cardiovascular risk factors |
|
| Vitamin e | cardiovascular prevention, in all type of patients | vs placebo | NS | - | NS | NS | - | by 22% | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 1.03 [0.96 1.11] | p=1.00 | 0 | 30091 | 5 | CHAOS, AREDS, WACS vitamin E, PHS II vitamin E, ASAP, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | 0.92 [0.72 1.17] | p=1.00 | 0 | 8171 | 1 | WACS vitamin E, | | Cardiovascular death | 0.99 [0.92 1.05] | p=1.00 | 0 | 93072 | 6 | ATBC vitamin E, CHAOS, HOPE, Linxian, WACS vitamin E, PHS II vitamin E, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 1.22 [1.00 1.48] | p=0.04 | 0 | 100748 | 5 | ATBC vitamin E, HOPE, WACS vitamin E, PHS II vitamin E, WHS vitamin E, | | Non fatal stroke | 1.01 [0.86 1.18] | p=1.00 | 0 | 17712 | 2 | HOPE, WACS vitamin E, | | Non fatal MI | 0.96 [0.85 1.07] | p=1.00 | 0 | 19714 | 3 | CHAOS, HOPE, WACS vitamin E, | | ischemic stroke | 0.94 [0.86 1.02] | p=1.00 | 0 | 100748 | 5 | ATBC vitamin E, HOPE, WACS vitamin E, PHS II vitamin E, WHS vitamin E, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.98 [0.91 1.06] | p=1.00 | 0 | 101362 | 5 | ATBC vitamin E, HOPE, WACS vitamin E, PHS II vitamin E, WHS vitamin E, | | cardiovascular events | 0.97 [0.92 1.03] | p=1.00 | 0 | 93072 | 6 | ATBC vitamin E, CHAOS, HOPE, Linxian, WACS vitamin E, PHS II vitamin E, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| ATBC vitamin E, 1994 | vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) 50mg/d
| placebo
| male smokers 50 to 69 years of age from southwestern Finland
| | CHAOS, 1996 | vitamin E 400-800UI/d (alpha tocopherol) | identical placebo | patients with angiographically proven coronary atherosclerosis | | HOPE, 2000 | vitamin E 400IU/d from natural sources | matching placebo | women and men 55 years of age or older who were at high risk for cardiovascular events because they had cardiovascular disease or diabetes in addition to one other risk factor. | | AREDS, 2001 | daily supplementation of antioxidants (500 mg of vitamin C, 400 IU of vitamin E, and 15 mg of beta carotene) | placebo | patients with age-related lens opacities and visual acuity loss | | Linxian, 1993 | beta carotene, vitamin E, and selenium | | Apparently healthy Individuals of ages 40-69 | | WACS vitamin E, 2007 | vitamin E (600IU every two days)
| placebo
| female health professionals at increased
risk (40 years or older with a history of CVD or 3 or more CVD
risk factors)
| | PHS II vitamin E, 2008 | vitamin E 400IU every two days
| placebo
| US male physicians aged 50 years or older | | WHS vitamin E, 2005 | vitamin E 600 IU every other day (á-tocopherol) | placebo | apparently healthy US women aged at least 45 years | | ASAP, 2000 | d-alpha-tocopherol 91 mg (136 IU) twice daily | placebo | smoking and nonsmoking men and postmenopausal women aged 45-69 years with serum cholesterol >= 5.0 mmol/l |
|
| Vitamin e | cardiovascular prevention, in primary prevention | vs control | NS | - | NS | NS | - | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 1.07 [0.77 1.50] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | 0.89 [0.50 1.59] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | Cardiovascular death | 0.86 [0.49 1.52] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 5.07 [0.24 105.75] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | Non fatal stroke | 1.56 [0.77 3.15] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | Non fatal MI | 1.07 [0.56 2.05] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | ischemic stroke | 1.13 [0.59 2.14] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 1.24 [0.66 2.32] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | cardiovascular events | 1.07 [0.73 1.57] | p=1.00 | 0 | 4495 | 1 | PPP, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| PPP, 2001 | vitamin E (300 mg/day) | no vitamin E | men and women
aged 50 years or greater, with at least one of the major
recognised cardiovascular risk factors |
|
| Vitamin e | cardiovascular prevention, in primary prevention | vs placebo | NS | - | - | NS | - | NS | - | - | NS | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 1.03 [0.94 1.13] | p=1.00 | 0 | 19398 | 2 | AREDS, PHS II vitamin E, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | no data | | Cardiovascular death | 0.98 [0.90 1.05] | p=1.00 | 0 | 73358 | 3 | ATBC vitamin E, Linxian, PHS II vitamin E, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 1.19 [0.97 1.47] | p=1.00 | 0 | 83036 | 3 | ATBC vitamin E, PHS II vitamin E, WHS vitamin E, | | Non fatal stroke | no data | | Non fatal MI | no data | | ischemic stroke | 0.92 [0.83 1.02] | p=1.00 | 0 | 83036 | 3 | ATBC vitamin E, PHS II vitamin E, WHS vitamin E, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.97 [0.89 1.06] | p=1.00 | 0 | 83650 | 3 | ATBC vitamin E, PHS II vitamin E, WHS vitamin E, | | cardiovascular events | 0.97 [0.91 1.04] | p=1.00 | 0 | 73358 | 3 | ATBC vitamin E, Linxian, PHS II vitamin E, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| ATBC vitamin E, 1994 | vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) 50mg/d
| placebo
| male smokers 50 to 69 years of age from southwestern Finland
| | AREDS, 2001 | daily supplementation of antioxidants (500 mg of vitamin C, 400 IU of vitamin E, and 15 mg of beta carotene) | placebo | patients with age-related lens opacities and visual acuity loss | | Linxian, 1993 | beta carotene, vitamin E, and selenium | | Apparently healthy Individuals of ages 40-69 | | PHS II vitamin E, 2008 | vitamin E 400IU every two days
| placebo
| US male physicians aged 50 years or older | | WHS vitamin E, 2005 | vitamin E 600 IU every other day (á-tocopherol) | placebo | apparently healthy US women aged at least 45 years |
|
| Vitamin e | cardiovascular prevention, in secondary prevention | vs control | NS | - | - | NS | - | - | NS | NS | - | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 0.92 [0.81 1.05] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11334 | 1 | GISSI, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | no data | | Cardiovascular death | 0.94 [0.80 1.11] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11324 | 1 | GISSI, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | no data | | Non fatal stroke | 0.87 [0.65 1.18] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11324 | 1 | GISSI, | | Non fatal MI | 1.11 [0.91 1.34] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11324 | 1 | GISSI, | | ischemic stroke | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.87 [0.65 1.18] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11334 | 1 | GISSI, | | cardiovascular events | 0.98 [0.87 1.11] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11324 | 1 | GISSI, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| GISSI, 1999 | vitamin E 300mg/d | no vitamine E | patients with recent (3 months) myocardial
infarction |
|
| Vitamin e | cardiovascular prevention, in secondary prevention | vs placebo | NS | NS | NS | NS | - | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 1.02 [0.91 1.15] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11362 | 4 | CHAOS, SPACE, WACS vitamin E, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, | | Coronary death | 1.06 [0.77 1.45] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1795 | 1 | ATBC 2nd prev subgroup (vitamin E), | | Coronary event | 0.92 [0.79 1.06] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11155 | 4 | SPACE, WACS vitamin E, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, ATBC 2nd prev subgroup (vitamin E), | | Cardiovascular death | 1.00 [0.90 1.13] | p=1.00 | 0 | 20903 | 5 | CHAOS, HOPE, SPACE, WACS vitamin E, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | 1.39 [0.82 2.39] | p=1.00 | 0 | 17712 | 2 | HOPE, WACS vitamin E, | | Non fatal stroke | 1.01 [0.86 1.18] | p=1.00 | 0 | 17712 | 2 | HOPE, WACS vitamin E, | | Non fatal MI | 0.94 [0.84 1.05] | p=1.00 | 0 | 21509 | 4 | CHAOS, HOPE, WACS vitamin E, ATBC 2nd prev subgroup (vitamin E), | | ischemic stroke | 0.99 [0.84 1.16] | p=1.00 | 0 | 17908 | 3 | HOPE, SPACE, WACS vitamin E, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 1.02 [0.88 1.18] | p=1.00 | 0 | 18901 | 4 | HOPE, SPACE, WACS vitamin E, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, | | cardiovascular events | 0.97 [0.90 1.05] | p=1.00 | 0 | 20903 | 5 | CHAOS, HOPE, SPACE, WACS vitamin E, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| CHAOS, 1996 | vitamin E 400-800UI/d (alpha tocopherol) | identical placebo | patients with angiographically proven coronary atherosclerosis | | HOPE, 2000 | vitamin E 400IU/d from natural sources | matching placebo | women and men 55 years of age or older who were at high risk for cardiovascular events because they had cardiovascular disease or diabetes in addition to one other risk factor. | | SPACE, 2000 | vitamin E 800 IU daily | matching placebo | Haemodialysis patients aged 40–75 years with pre-existing cardiovascular disease | | WACS vitamin E, 2007 | vitamin E (600IU every two days)
| placebo
| female health professionals at increased
risk (40 years or older with a history of CVD or 3 or more CVD
risk factors)
| | HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, 2004 | vitamin E 400 IU/day, natural | placebo | patients with either known cardiovascular disease or diabetes and at least one additional coronary risk factor and renal insufficiency (sub group) | | ATBC 2nd prev subgroup (vitamin E), 1998 | alpha tocopherol (vitamin E)
50 mg/day | placebo | patients enroled in the ATBC trial and
who had angina pectoris in the Rose chest
pain questionnaire at baseline |
|
| Vitamin e | cardiovascular prevention, in patients with renal disease | vs placebo | NS | - | NS | NS | - | - | - | - | NS | NS | NS | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 0.94 [0.71 1.26] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1189 | 2 | SPACE, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | 0.88 [0.64 1.20] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1189 | 2 | SPACE, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, | | Cardiovascular death | 0.91 [0.64 1.31] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1189 | 2 | SPACE, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, | | Amputation | no data | | Haemmorhagic stroke | no data | | Non fatal stroke | no data | | Non fatal MI | no data | | ischemic stroke | 0.85 [0.25 2.88] | p=1.00 | 0 | 196 | 1 | SPACE, | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 1.00 [0.60 1.66] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1189 | 2 | SPACE, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, | | cardiovascular events | 0.93 [0.71 1.23] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1189 | 2 | SPACE, HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| SPACE, 2000 | vitamin E 800 IU daily | matching placebo | Haemodialysis patients aged 40–75 years with pre-existing cardiovascular disease | | HOPE renal insufficiency subgroup, 2004 | vitamin E 400 IU/day, natural | placebo | patients with either known cardiovascular disease or diabetes and at least one additional coronary risk factor and renal insufficiency (sub group) |
|
| Vitamin e | peripheral vascular diseases, in all type of patients | vs placebo | NS | - | - | - | NS | - | - | - | - | NS | - | - | - | - | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
|---|
| All cause death | 0.33 [0.01 8.71] | p=1.00 | 0 | 40 | 1 | Livingstone, | | Coronary death | no data | | Coronary event | no data | | Cardiovascular death | no data | | Amputation | 3.00 [0.11 78.40] | p=1.00 | 0 | 40 | 1 | Livingstone, | | Haemmorhagic stroke | no data | | Non fatal stroke | no data | | Non fatal MI | no data | | ischemic stroke | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.33 [0.01 8.71] | p=1.00 | 0 | 40 | 1 | Livingstone, | | cardiovascular events | no data | | cardiovascular death, MI, stroke | no data | | new-onset diabetes | no data | | new-onset atrial fibrillation | no data |
TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients | Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Livingstone, 1958 | Vitamine E 600 mg /j pendant 40 semaines | Placebo | Selon les grades de Boyd: Grade II: 50%; Grade III: 50%. | | Hamilton, 1953 | Vitamine E naturelle: 450 UI / j pendant 12 semaines. | Placebo: huile darachide | Stade de la maladie: II. |
|
