| Diet | cardiovascular prevention, in all type of patients | vs control | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 1.09 [0.92 1.29] | p=1.00 | 0 | 5147 | 2 | Burr (DART), Burr (DART 2), | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 1.28 [0.66 2.47] | p=1.00 | 0 | 5147 | 2 | Burr (DART), Burr (DART 2), | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 1.10 [0.75 1.61] | p=1.00 | 0 | 5147 | 2 | Burr (DART), Burr (DART 2), | | All cause death | 0.99 [0.85 1.16] | p=1.00 | 0 | 5147 | 2 | Burr (DART), Burr (DART 2), |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Burr (DART), 1989 | dietary advice (to eat more oily fish) | No such dietary advice or capsulesish)ag | post-MI | | Burr (DART 2), 2003 | dietary advice (to eat more oily fish) | No such dietary advice or capsules | men being treated for angina | | Mate-Jimenez, 1991 | diet advice | no advice | people with inactive Crohn’s disease |
| |
| Diet | cardiovascular prevention, in patients at high risk | vs control | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 1.09 [0.92 1.29] | p=1.00 | 0 | 5147 | 2 | Burr (DART), Burr (DART 2), | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 1.28 [0.66 2.47] | p=1.00 | 0 | 5147 | 2 | Burr (DART), Burr (DART 2), | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 1.10 [0.75 1.61] | p=1.00 | 0 | 5147 | 2 | Burr (DART), Burr (DART 2), | | All cause death | 0.99 [0.85 1.16] | p=1.00 | 0 | 5147 | 2 | Burr (DART), Burr (DART 2), |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Burr (DART), 1989 | dietary advice (to eat more oily fish) | No such dietary advice or capsulesish)ag | post-MI | | Burr (DART 2), 2003 | dietary advice (to eat more oily fish) | No such dietary advice or capsules | men being treated for angina |
| |
| Diet | cardiovascular prevention, in pateints at low risk | vs control | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | no data | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | no data | | All cause death | no data |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Mate-Jimenez, 1991 | diet advice | no advice | people with inactive Crohn’s disease |
| |
| Fish oil | cardiac arrest, in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator | vs placebo | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| implantable cardioverter defibrillator discharge | 0.89 [0.70 1.14] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1148 | 3 | Raitt , SOFA , Leaf, | | All cause death | 0.71 [0.41 1.20] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1148 | 3 | Raitt , SOFA , Leaf, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Raitt , 2006 | Fish oil 1.3g | placebo (olive oil) | | | SOFA , 2006 | Fish oil 0.9g | placebo (High-oleic sunflower oil) | | | Leaf, 2005 | Fish oil 2.6g | placebo (olive oil) | |
| |
| Fish oil | cardiovascular prevention, in all type of patients | vs control | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 0.24 [0.02 2.32] | p=1.00 | 0 | 172 | 2 | Brox, Malaguarnera, | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.29 [0.01 6.06] | p=1.00 | 0 | 266 | 1 | Bemelmans, | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 0.70 [0.04 11.71] | p=1.00 | 0 | 140 | 2 | Brox, Terano, | | All cause death | 1.46 [0.23 9.39] | p=1.00 | 0 | 386 | 2 | Bemelmans, Brox, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Bemelmans, 2002 | a-lin rich margarine (80% fat of which 15% was a-lin) | linoleic rich margarine (80% fat of which 0.3% was a-lin), identical in taste and packaging | patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors (10 yr IHD risk ~20%) | | Brox, 2001 | seal oil - 15 ml/d (2.6g EPA + DHA) | no supplement | dyslipidaemia | | Franzen, 1993 | fish oil capsules, 9g/d (1.8g EPA + 1.4g DHA daily) | olive oil capsules | people with angiographically determined CHDg | | Katan, 1997 | Fish oil capsules, all took 9 per day (1.1g omega-3 fats low dose, 2.2g medium dose, 3.3g high dose per day) | 9 olive and palm oil capsules (0g omega-3 fats per day)j | healthy monks | | Malaguarnera, 1999 | EPA + DHA daily (3g/d EPA + DHA) plus IFNa subcutaneously | IFNa subcutaneously only | chronic hepatitis with ALT =2x normal limit for =12 mo | | Shimizu, 1995 | EPA-ethyl capsules 3/d (0.9g/d EPA) | no treatment | people with non-insulin dependant diabetes | | Terano, 1999 | DHA capsules, 6/d (4.3g/d DHA) | no treatment | dementia of CVD |
| |
| Fish oil | | vs placebo | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 0.78 [0.49 1.24] | p=1.00 | 0 | 974 | 3 | Borchgrevink, Leaf, von Schacky, | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.33 [0.05 2.13] | p=1.00 | 0 | 423 | 2 | Borchgrevink, von Schacky, | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 0.53 [0.09 3.07] | p=1.00 | 0 | 487 | 3 | Borchgrevink, Loeschke, von Schacky, | | All cause death | 0.63 [0.29 1.39] | p=1.00 | 0 | 974 | 3 | Borchgrevink, Leaf, von Schacky, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Almallah, 1998 | fish oil extract, 15 ml/d (5.6g EPA + DHA) | placebo (sunflower oil, 15 ml/d) | people with distal procto-collitis (ulcerative colitis) | | Borchgrevink, 1966 | linseed oil 10 ml/d initially, later raised to 20 or 30 ml/d (4.5g/d a-lin, later 9 or 13.5 g/d) | placebo (corn oil, 10 ml/d initially, later raised to 20 or 30 ml/d) | men with impending or recent myocardial infarctionage/p | | Dry, 1991 | Liparmonyl (1g/d EPA + DHA) | placebo | people with asthma | | Geusens, 1994 | high and ow dose fish oil capsules | placebo (olive oil capsules, 6/d) | people with active rheumatoid arthritis on NSAIDs or DMARDs | | Leaf, 1994 | fish oil concentrate capsules 10x1 g/d (6.9g/d EPA + DHA) | placebo (corn oil capsules 10x1 g/d with 0.4% fish oil to maintain blinding (0.003g/d EPA + DHA)) | people undergoing angioplasty | | Loeschke, 1996 | fish oil capsules 6x1 g/d (5.1g/d omega-3 fats), with orange flavour | placebo (maize oil capsules 6x1 g/d with orange flavour) | people with ulcerative colitis, in remission | | Lorenz-Meyer, 1996 | ethyl ester fish oil concentrate capsules 6x1 g daily (5.1g/d EPA + DHA) | placebo (corn oil capsules 6x1 g daily) | people with Crohn’s disease in remission | | Sacks (TOHP 1), 1994 | fish oil | placebo | double blind | | von Schacky, 1999 | concentrated fish oil capsules, 6/d for first 3 mo, 3/d for rest of study (4g/d EPA +DHA + DPA+ a-lin for first 3 mo, then 2g/d) | placebo (capsules containing fat which replicated the fat composition of the average European diet, 6/d forfirst 3 mo, 3/d for rest of study, opaque soft gelatine capsules identical to fish capsules) | people with angiographically proven coronary artery disease |
| |
| Fish oil | cardiovascular prevention, in pateints at low risk | vs control | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 0.33 [0.01 8.58] | p=1.00 | 0 | 52 | 1 | Malaguarnera, | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 1.00 [0.02 55.80] | p=1.00 | 0 | 20 | 1 | Terano, | | All cause death | no data |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Katan, 1997 | Fish oil capsules, all took 9 per day (1.1g omega-3 fats low dose, 2.2g medium dose, 3.3g high dose per day) | 9 olive and palm oil capsules (0g omega-3 fats per day)j | healthy monks | | Malaguarnera, 1999 | EPA + DHA daily (3g/d EPA + DHA) plus IFNa subcutaneously | IFNa subcutaneously only | chronic hepatitis with ALT =2x normal limit for =12 mo | | Terano, 1999 | DHA capsules, 6/d (4.3g/d DHA) | no treatment | dementia of CVD |
| |
| Fish oil | | vs placebo | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | no data | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 0.35 [0.01 9.05] | p=1.00 | 0 | 64 | 1 | Loeschke, | | All cause death | no data |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Almallah, 1998 | fish oil extract, 15 ml/d (5.6g EPA + DHA) | placebo (sunflower oil, 15 ml/d) | people with distal procto-collitis (ulcerative colitis) | | Dry, 1991 | Liparmonyl (1g/d EPA + DHA) | placebo | people with asthma | | Geusens, 1994 | high and ow dose fish oil capsules | placebo (olive oil capsules, 6/d) | people with active rheumatoid arthritis on NSAIDs or DMARDs | | Loeschke, 1996 | fish oil capsules 6x1 g/d (5.1g/d omega-3 fats), with orange flavour | placebo (maize oil capsules 6x1 g/d with orange flavour) | people with ulcerative colitis, in remission | | Lorenz-Meyer, 1996 | ethyl ester fish oil concentrate capsules 6x1 g daily (5.1g/d EPA + DHA) | placebo (corn oil capsules 6x1 g daily) | people with Crohn’s disease in remission |
| |
| Fish oil | cardiovascular prevention, in patients at high risk | vs control | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 0.17 [0.01 4.19] | p=1.00 | 0 | 120 | 1 | Brox, | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.29 [0.01 6.06] | p=1.00 | 0 | 266 | 1 | Bemelmans, | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 0.50 [0.01 25.67] | p=1.00 | 0 | 120 | 1 | Brox, | | All cause death | 1.46 [0.23 9.39] | p=1.00 | 0 | 386 | 2 | Bemelmans, Brox, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Bemelmans, 2002 | a-lin rich margarine (80% fat of which 15% was a-lin) | linoleic rich margarine (80% fat of which 0.3% was a-lin), identical in taste and packaging | patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors (10 yr IHD risk ~20%) | | Brox, 2001 | seal oil - 15 ml/d (2.6g EPA + DHA) | no supplement | dyslipidaemia | | Franzen, 1993 | fish oil capsules, 9g/d (1.8g EPA + 1.4g DHA daily) | olive oil capsules | people with angiographically determined CHDg | | Shimizu, 1995 | EPA-ethyl capsules 3/d (0.9g/d EPA) | no treatment | people with non-insulin dependant diabetes |
| |
| Fish oil | | vs placebo | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 0.78 [0.49 1.24] | p=1.00 | 0 | 974 | 3 | Borchgrevink, Leaf, von Schacky, | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 0.33 [0.05 2.13] | p=1.00 | 0 | 423 | 2 | Borchgrevink, von Schacky, | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 0.62 [0.08 5.09] | p=1.00 | 0 | 423 | 2 | Borchgrevink, von Schacky, | | All cause death | 0.63 [0.29 1.39] | p=1.00 | 0 | 974 | 3 | Borchgrevink, Leaf, von Schacky, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Borchgrevink, 1966 | linseed oil 10 ml/d initially, later raised to 20 or 30 ml/d (4.5g/d a-lin, later 9 or 13.5 g/d) | placebo (corn oil, 10 ml/d initially, later raised to 20 or 30 ml/d) | men with impending or recent myocardial infarctionage/p | | Leaf, 1994 | fish oil concentrate capsules 10x1 g/d (6.9g/d EPA + DHA) | placebo (corn oil capsules 10x1 g/d with 0.4% fish oil to maintain blinding (0.003g/d EPA + DHA)) | people undergoing angioplasty | | Sacks (TOHP 1), 1994 | fish oil | placebo | double blind | | von Schacky, 1999 | concentrated fish oil capsules, 6/d for first 3 mo, 3/d for rest of study (4g/d EPA +DHA + DPA+ a-lin for first 3 mo, then 2g/d) | placebo (capsules containing fat which replicated the fat composition of the average European diet, 6/d forfirst 3 mo, 3/d for rest of study, opaque soft gelatine capsules identical to fish capsules) | people with angiographically proven coronary artery disease |
| |
| Fish oil | patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators , in all type of patients | vs placebo | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| implantable cardioverter defibrillator discharge | 0.89 [0.70 1.14] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1148 | 3 | Raitt , SOFA , Leaf, | | All cause death | 0.71 [0.41 1.20] | p=1.00 | 0 | 1148 | 3 | Raitt , SOFA , Leaf, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Raitt , 2006 | Fish oil 1.3g | placebo (olive oil) | | | SOFA , 2006 | Fish oil 0.9g | placebo (High-oleic sunflower oil) | | | Leaf, 2005 | Fish oil 2.6g | placebo (olive oil) | |
| |
| Omacor | cardiovascular prevention, in all type of patients | vs control | All cause death by 14% suggested | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 0.90 [0.80 1.01] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11933 | 2 | Eritsland, GISSI-P, | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 1.17 [0.87 1.58] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11933 | 2 | Eritsland, GISSI-P, | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 1.06 [0.83 1.34] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11323 | 1 | GISSI-P, | | All cause death | 0.86 [0.76 0.98] | p=0.04 | 0 | 11933 | 2 | Eritsland, GISSI-P, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Eritsland, 1996 | Omacor capsules, 4/d (3.3g EPA + DHA daily) | no treatment | people admitted for coronary bypass grafting | | GISSI-P, 1999 | Omacor gelatine capsules, 1/d (0.9g/d EPA + DHA daily) | no treatment | people with recent myocardial infarction |
| |
| Omacor | | vs placebo | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 1.00 [0.64 1.56] | p=1.00 | 0 | 800 | 2 | Johansen, Nilsen, | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 5.00 [0.24 105.04] | p=1.00 | 0 | 300 | 1 | Nilsen, | | All cause death | 0.87 [0.39 1.96] | p=1.00 | 0 | 800 | 2 | Johansen, Nilsen, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Johansen, 1999 | Omacor capsules, 6/d (5g EPA + DHA daily) | placebo (corn oil capsules, 6/d) | people about to undergo elective coronary angioplasty | | Nilsen, 2001 | Omacor capsules 4/d (3.5g EPA + DHA) | placebo (corn oil capsules, 4/d) | people with acute myocardial infarction 4-8 days agoe/pj |
| |
| Omacor | cardiovascular prevention, in patients at high risk | vs control | All cause death by 14% suggested | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 0.90 [0.80 1.01] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11933 | 2 | Eritsland, GISSI-P, | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | 1.17 [0.87 1.58] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11933 | 2 | Eritsland, GISSI-P, | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 1.06 [0.83 1.34] | p=1.00 | 0 | 11323 | 1 | GISSI-P, | | All cause death | 0.86 [0.76 0.98] | p=0.04 | 0 | 11933 | 2 | Eritsland, GISSI-P, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Eritsland, 1996 | Omacor capsules, 4/d (3.3g EPA + DHA daily) | no treatment | people admitted for coronary bypass grafting | | GISSI-P, 1999 | Omacor gelatine capsules, 1/d (0.9g/d EPA + DHA daily) | no treatment | people with recent myocardial infarction |
| |
| Omacor | | vs placebo | all NS | | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | |
|---|
| Sudden death | no data | | cardiovascular events | 1.00 [0.64 1.56] | p=1.00 | 0 | 800 | 2 | Johansen, Nilsen, | | myocardial infarction (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | stroke (fatal and non fatal) | no data | | Coronary event | no data | | Cancer | 5.00 [0.24 105.04] | p=1.00 | 0 | 300 | 1 | Nilsen, | | All cause death | 0.87 [0.39 1.96] | p=1.00 | 0 | 800 | 2 | Johansen, Nilsen, |
| Trial | Studied treatment | Control | Patients |
|---|
| Johansen, 1999 | Omacor capsules, 6/d (5g EPA + DHA daily) | placebo (corn oil capsules, 6/d) | people about to undergo elective coronary angioplasty | | Nilsen, 2001 | Omacor capsules 4/d (3.5g EPA + DHA) | placebo (corn oil capsules, 4/d) | people with acute myocardial infarction 4-8 days agoe/pj |
| |
