eplerenone vs placebo | No demonstrated result suggested death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for cardiovascular causes by 11% (not demonstrated) suggested serious hyperkalemia by 63% (not demonstrated) suggested Sudden death by 20% (not demonstrated) suggested Death from any cause or hospitalization for any reason by 18% (not demonstrated) suggested Death from any cause or hospitalization for heart failure by 28% (not demonstrated) suggested Cardiovascular death by 17% (not demonstrated) suggested hospitalisation for heart failure by 35% (not demonstrated) suggested All cause death by 15% (not demonstrated) suggested Hospitalization for any reason by 16% (not demonstrated) | Endpoint | TE [95% CI] | p val | I2 | n | k | trials |
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hospitalisation for cardiovascular causes | 0.93 [0.82 1.05] | p=1.00 | 0 | 6632 | 1 | EPHESUS, | death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for cardiovascular causes | 0.89 [0.80 0.99] | p=0.04 | 0 | 6632 | 1 | EPHESUS, | serious hyperkalemia | 1.63 [1.35 1.98] | p=0.04 | 0 | 9369 | 2 | EPHESUS,EMPHASIS-HF, | Sudden death | 0.80 [0.67 0.96] | p=0.04 | 0 | 9369 | 2 | EPHESUS,EMPHASIS-HF, | death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for heart failure | no data | Death from any cause or hospitalization for any reason | 0.82 [0.70 0.95] | p=0.04 | 0 | 2737 | 1 | EMPHASIS-HF, | exacerbation of heart failure | no data | NYHA class improvement | no data | Death from any cause or hospitalization for heart failure | 0.72 [0.60 0.86] | p=0.04 | 0 | 2737 | 1 | EMPHASIS-HF, | Cardiovascular death | 0.83 [0.74 0.94] | p=0.04 | 0 | 9369 | 2 | EPHESUS,EMPHASIS-HF, | hospitalisation for heart failure | 0.65 [0.53 0.81] | p=0.04 | 0 | 2737 | 1 | EMPHASIS-HF, | All cause death | 0.85 [0.76 0.95] | p=0.04 | 0 | 9369 | 2 | EPHESUS,EMPHASIS-HF, | Hospitalization for any reason | 0.84 [0.71 0.98] | p=0.04 | 0 | 2737 | 1 | EMPHASIS-HF, | Adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation | no data | Adverse events | 0.99 [0.90 1.09] | p=1.00 | 0 | 9369 | 2 | EPHESUS,EMPHASIS-HF, | TE: treatment effect; CI: confidence interval; k: nulmber of trials; n: total number of patients |